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To: Olog-hai
"No burning off coal’s impurities to make coke, no steel."

Steel, and , I believe, even most iron today is made in electric arc furnaces, where oxygen in injected to burn off excess carbon. Smoke spewing coke ovens using coal went the way of buggy whips.

10 posted on 04/20/2016 5:05:24 AM PDT by norwaypinesavage (The Stone Age did not end because we ran out of stones)
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To: norwaypinesavage
Coking coal is loaded into coking ovens to make coke and to to collect volatile chemicals from which products such as nylon are made. The coke is used in blast furnaces in which the coke is burnt to generate heat and carbon monoxide which reduces iron oxide to iron which is collected in the lower reaches of the blast furnace. As the molten flows through the heated coke some carbon from the coke is dissolved.

Molten iron is tapped from the blast furnace is cast to provide pigs which can be used in foundries or is sent to further processing in open hearth furnaces or other refining processes AOD crucibles to produce steels of controlled carbon contents and to adjust other alloying elements.

13 posted on 04/20/2016 6:39:55 AM PDT by monocle
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To: norwaypinesavage

And where does the electricity for the electrodes come from?

Not to mention, EAFs are used to reprocess steel for most of its function, and either coke or coal is used for the slag-foaming phase.


15 posted on 04/20/2016 8:24:30 AM PDT by Olog-hai
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