The image is not created from a dye or pigment. The film of soapwort on the surface of the linen has been caramelized in a dot-matrix pattern to form the image. Heat alone could not cause this as there is no evidence of scorching in the fibers of the cloth.
I provided a possible analog (not digital) explanation of a molecular coating being projected from a shaped surface, (the body) and producing a 3-D, continuous tone (not half-tone, as you describe) negative image.
But, then, I'm just a believer in Christ, who is also a physical chemist with a background in digital (and analog) imaging at semiconductor scales...
References...?
~~~~~~~
(bb & A-G: "backtrack" to #s 32 & 24 for "the rest of the story"...)