My husband and I have been working with the poorest of the poorest immigrants in the U.S. for 6 years.
Those families that afterschool their kids learn. Those that don’t, don’t learn. This is true for both immigrant and Anglo kids.
The immigrant families who afterschool look for and find support among family, friends, and neighbors even when they are illiterate (even in their own language) themselves.
Really smart kids don’t need the after-school stuff.
But there’s a big difference between after-school enrichment and full homeschooling.