We have this in our townhouse community with dogs off leash and menacing other residents.
After you have spoken nicely to the pet’s owner once, then speak firmly next time. Or, you might remove the animal’s collar and tag, and only return if after 24 hours, with the stern objection to law-breaking.
If it happens a third time, take the animal by early morning light to another state, preferably at least 50 miles away, to a no-kill shelter. Most of the lazy stupid pet owners do not think to cross state lines when calling around to shelters looking for lost pets.
Be humane, but careful. Avoid cameras. Box the animal with airholes, or cage it under a blanket, with ventilation, food and water. Call ahead and say you have a stray and ask “What is the procedure for bringing it in? Do I have time to bring it in before my work shift? How long will it take?” If you are lucky, they will tell you whether they require ID or not, such as your license that can be traced.
Sheltering it far away will take the owner a really long time to find the animal, if ever, unless the pet has an ID implant. The unchipped pet has a chance to be adopted by a caring guardian. Even if the original careless owners do find it, the hassle to them will be worth your hassle and will probably stop their inconsiderate behavior.
If the cat has an PetID and keeps showing up at various humane society shelters out of state the owner may elect to keep it indoors all of time so it won’t wander away again.