What’s “reimagined”? How did Monk’s mound get there? There’s compelling evidence for everything the author stated. To say that there weren’t large, very complex societies in the Americas before 1492 is just denial.
viz- near Ft. Plain NY In this town are found the remains of one of those ancient fortifications which are so common in Central and Western New York, and throughout the Western States, indicating that it was inhabited long prior to the advent of the Indians.
These mounds are the most easterly of any of the kind yet discovered. They are about four miles south of Fort Plain, on a tongue of land formed by the valleys of Otsquaga Creek and one of its tributaries. This tongue is one hundred feet above the streams, and the declivities are very steep.
Across the tongue, at its narrowest part, is a curved line of breastworks, 240 feet in length, inclosing an area of about seven acres. A gigantic pine, six feet in diameter, stood upon one end of the embankment, showing that the work must have been of great antiquity
montgomery.nygenweb.net
between Ames road and the golf course
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Fort Plain Museum 389 Canal Street Fort Plain, NY 13339 (518)993-2527 - main Email: fortplainmuseum@yahoo.com
http://www.crookedlakereview.com/articles/101_135/103spring1997/103robinson.html
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Who Built the "Old Fort" on Bare Hill and other Pre-Seneca Structures in Yates County, N. Y.? by
"T. Apoleon Cheney notes (in Illustrations of the Ancient Monuments of Western New York) that a twelve-foot high elliptical mound above Cattaraugus County's Conewango Valley held eight big skeletons. Most crumbled, but a thigh bone was found to be 28" long. Exquisite stone points, enamelwork, and jewelry (like that of Mexico or Peru) were also unearthed in the area. The mound looked like those of the Old World. "
http://skeptoid.com/episode.php?id=4144#bottom
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Aboriginal Monuments of the State of New York E.G. Squier. 1849, 193 pp., $18.95p
With the help of 72 figures and 14 large plates, Squier details the abundant aboriginal works found in New York and elsewhere. Included are chapters on mounds and other earthworks as well as implements and ornaments. The long appendix leaves New York and delves into the fortifications of the ancient Mexicans and Peruvians, the aboriginal use of copper,and some ancient works found in Pennsylvania and New Hampshire.
=========================== There are about 1500 ancient sites in Western New York, most of these the Archeologists know of, however there are many that they are not aware of. Some of these the Archeologists have labeled Iroquios, but others they classify Hopewell and yet some others with state sponsored markers say, pre Iroquois occupation.
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The Iroquois said to the Dutch in 1600`s in Western New York State that the mounds upon which their ``castles` were built were already there with remains of ancient stockades & other structures when their ancestors came. {O`Callahan, `Hist of New Netherlands`].<[> The English and Americans built their western forts upon these sites [Fort Plain, e.g.] An 1848 NY State archeology study documented over 300 mounds along the Mohawk River and Finger Lakes stretching to the St. Lawrence River.
When the French came to build a fort in northern New York in 1700`s they asked their Abenaki and Iroquois allies where a good source of hard stone was so they could quarry it out for building the stone fort. The Indians said, ``Follow us." They showed the French engineers 2 different sites only 1/4 of a mile apart that had been blasted out with hundreds of stone blocks some 6 long and wide and one was piled up like a small mountain of huge toy blocks. They told the French it had been their before their ancestors came. The British showed this huge `pile of stones` on a 1758-9 map. I saw one of the `stone mountains` and clambered all over it when I was a kid in 1940` s and the huge stone blocks were still there but they were removed to build dams etc in the 1960`s. The other one`s blocks evidently were removed to build the fort.
The early explorers into New Hampshire and Vermont from Mass. discovered a huge mountain of stone blocks [pyramid?]in early 1700`s. But this site probably was used also for house and barn foundations, has since disappeared. [Cf. Masachusetts History]
In California from Orinda to San Jose, a long stone wall that stands 12 feet tall is buried in the ground along the tops of the Oakland and Hayward hills along Barn Rock Road and other parts. It`s over 30 miles long.
A nun did a study of these features and it was published in the Oakland Tribune in the 1980`s with pictures.
The Ohlone Indians there say that this ``wall` was there when their ancestors came thousands of years ago. I saw the humongous blocks of stone over in the 1980`s-90`s on Barn Rock Road in the Hayward hills.. Many were used in the barns and houses there for foundations. Figure that one out.
The issue isn’t the “Americas”, it is North America, north of the Rio Grande. There was no popular belief in “compelling evidence” until gramscian/postmoderns decided a new “narrative” was needed. The “sources” are junk books like 1491.
Cultures without the wheel, metal working, domesticated draft animals, writing, etc. at no time in history or in any place have supported “large, very complex societies” - not in Australia, not in Africa, and not in N. America.