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George says:
While tree rings by themselves may not represent temperature, the combination of tree rings and the isotopes contained in the wood together can be a pretty good indication.
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kadaka (KD Knoebel) says:
Their findings demonstrate that this trend involves a cooling of -0.3°C per millennium due to gradual changes to the position of the sun and an increase in the distance between the Earth and the sun.
The Earth keeps gaining a relatively small amount of mass, online I see estimates from 10^7 to 10^9 kg per day, with the mass of the Earth about 6*10^24 kg. The Earths orbital speed over time should be slightly slowing due to drag from whatever particles are out there. I would think both of those would lead to the Earth getting closer to the Sun.
So why is the Earth moving away from the Sun? Is the Sun shedding so much mass (and energy that was mass) that its gravitational force is weakening?