So....did the Sa’ami come via the Atlantic Icepack, or via Berengia ?
And was this when their homeland (?) was east of the Urals before they emigrated to the Northern Scandinavia and Russian taiga?
As the ice began to withdraw to the North from about 14,000 years ago they headed DUE NORTH from the Western European Refugia to NORWAY and went all the way to the top of the Fenno-Scandian Peninsula along the Arctic ocean.
Other Europeans departed to the East and skirted around the Southern edge of the Scandinavian residual Ice Sheet and also headed North to the East.
They were well in place all around Scandinavia by the end of the Younger Dryas episode. At that time "other Europeans" showed up from Central Europe ~ their presence is noted in the incidence of certain haplogroup densities in the current Sa'ami population.
There was another mid-latitude European Refugia on the Adriatic called The Serbian Refugia. As the ice withdraw from the North these people moved in following the developing forests and fields, and game. They became the greater source of the Eastern European populations ~ including the Russians.
They were in place mostly by 7500 years ago.
These same people, and probably the Sa'ami, spread East into Russia, the Russian Taiga, the Steppes and took their languages with them.
Some thousands of years later people from the Middle East moved North into the same regions (and gave the residents tans). It is quite literally not until modern times that any large number of East Asian populations managed to move into Europe ~ whether Eastern, Western, Central, Southern, or Northern. We know all about them.
They are not ancestral to the Sa'ami.
More relevant, though, you can find scattered populations of East Asians who have members who carry the Sa'ami X-factor genetic sequence. All such populations heard reindeer. It is safely presumed that since it's the East Asian/Siberian reindeer who were the world's first domesticated animals that Western Sa'ami genes were introduced in a series of bridal trades across North Asia ~ in exchange for what are called "pet reindeer". These aren't exactly the same breed as the wild ones but derive from a very long line of domestic reindeer ~ which must necessarily come from the Far East.
In the end, for a variety of reasons, the Sa'ami and all other Europeans have about a 5% East Asian ancestry, and all East Asians have about a 5% European ancestry.
I hope you didn't have the idea the Sa'ami are Asiatic because they are not ~ it's much more likely for an Indo-European to have Asiatic ancestry.
The 20% of Sa'ami who appear to have Asiatic facial features actually show residual features much more typical of our common Cro-Magnon ancestors. In short, REAL WHITE FOLKS got "backward eyes".
It's been within a decade that anthropologists and geologists working together decided that the Ice Age North Atlantic Sea Ice came down as far as the Western European Refugia. That would have been an especially rich seal hunting ground all across the face of the ice all the way to America.
Knowing that it becomes hard to believe the Sa'ami (or proto Sa'ami) wouldn't have trekked the ice across the Atlantic to become what we know as the Clovis Culture.