The Jamestown settlers nearly starved because they landed during a period of prolonged and severe drought. This drought lasted for seven years from 1606 to 1612 and was the worst in 8 centuries. The settlers landed in 1607, and the Indians were already lacking food to the point they were not very interested in trading with the English. Communal living had nothing to do with it.
The place was pretty well established, however, before my first known ancestors arrived there as transportees, in 1765.