Mt. Vesuvius has a huge caldera which may represent a huge blowout around 25,000 years ago. Sakura-jima in Japan blew a 15 mile diameter crater around 22,000 years ago. Several such events would have further decimated Neanderthal/human populations, especially if they had also been reduced by events 40,000 years ago. Lots more here to study and undersatnd.
We have a fair knowledge of Holocene volcanic activity, but further back is quite murky, with the exception of some very large eruptions like Mt Toba circa 74,000 BC (which nearly wiped out all of the existing homo sapiens population... estimates range from a few hundred to a few thousand survivors)