interesting.
do you have references on East/central asian migrations? I’m “studying” the Bronze age, including the collapses of 3000 bce and 1200 bce, and wonder if there is stuff in the India/Chinese literature about this.
China has recurring droughts in the North so people flee South ~ but the really big movements are further West around the Himalaya mountains.
What you must always keep in mind is that Earth has THREE icecaps. One is in the Arctic, one in the Antarctic, and one is up hill in the Himalayas. When you get a major climate change one way or the other the Himalayas magnify the effect on the surrounding areas. When it gets colder, areas down-wind, e.g. China, have mega droughts and desertification. When it gets warmer, areas down-stream, e.g. Bengal, Thiland, Burma, get flooded out.
Still, not all climate change is that dramatic ~ you get smaller changes, and the Turks West of the mountains move South. The Turks East of the mountains also move South. Then, when climate improves for the herds, the Turks move back North. In one case, the Sakha got booted out in 200 AD or thereabouts by the Hindu Revolution ~ they went all the way back to their homeland in Siberia ~ then got bing-bonged by the climate anomaly that started the Dark Ages.
This time they went East and conquered Korea and Japan (they still live in Japan and consist primarily of the old Daimyo families).
In the Dark Ages recovery period, the first folks off the dime were the Arabs from the Saudi Peninsula. They were sufficiently aggressive they managed to invade India from the South and pushed North along the Indus thereby PREVENTING the traditional Turkish invasion.
The Turks moved further West and invaded Anatolia, then finally Syria, the Levant, Arabia and Egypt ~ eventually seizing everything until they, themselves, were edged out by Mongol interests (Mongols and Turks are identifiably different in all AD time periods).
Russian archaeologists have gotten pretty good at working much of this out ~ remember, up until quite recently herding cultures were considered NOMADIC. The facts are most such cultures controlled vast amounts of land and knew quite well what their boundaries were. They lived in tents and yurts in Summer, and wattle and daub huts in Winter. But they were certainly well-armed!