The original uses indigenous, not NBC.
Its use as such existed BEFORE Vattel lived:
164050; < L indigen(a) native, original inhabitant (indi-, by-form of in- in-2 (cf. indagate) + -gena, deriv. from base of gignere to bring into being; cf. genital, genitor) + -ous
Also: Synonyms 1. autochthonous, aboriginal, natural.
I could as well say it also uses "naturals", if I were to use the cognate. But you insist "naturels" means "natives". So indigenes must be translated as something else, like naturals as your dictionary entry indicates:
Also: Synonyms 1. autochthonous, aboriginal, natural.