Which breaks down to who is a subject of a foreign State; who is excluded from the jurisdiction of the United States. That would be consuls, ambassadors, foreign dignitaries. All else are subject to our jurisdiction. Who is exempt from the jurisdiction of the US when on US soil?
Nice of you to exclude the last part of that law which reads: “was intended to exclude from its operation children of ministers, consuls, and citizens or subjects of foreign States born within the United States.”
CARLISLE V. UNITED STATES CASE(1872):
“Every foreigner born residing in a country owes to that country allegiance and obedience to its laws so long as he remains in it, as a duty upon him by the mere fact of his residence and that temporary protection which he enjoys, and is as much bound to obey its laws as native subjects or citizens. This is the universal understanding in all civilized states, and nowhere a more established doctrine than in this country.
Independently of a residence with intention to continue such residence; independently of any domiciliation; independently of the taking of any oath of allegiance or of renouncing any former allegiance, it is well known that by the public law, an alien or a stranger born, for so long a time as he continues within the dominions of a foreign government, owes obedience to the laws of that government and may be punished for treason or other crimes as a native-born subject might be unless his case is varied by some treaty stipulation.”