> You can determine everything about this dog’s training regime from these photos?
Not everything, obviously. But you can tell alot.
> I sure can’t...
That is indicative.
Can you see the Dog-of-Peace recumbent upon the furniture? Can you see the Dog-of-Peace recumbent upon the People, who are supine? Both of those are generally Bad Ideas. The Dog-of-Peace should be recumbent upon the floor: that is where she belongs. Never on top of the People. Never on the People’s furniture. The Dog-of-Peace belongs at the very bottom of the Pack.
> I don’t know, however, why the dog is against the snowman (his leg isn’t being raised so I dispute the “marking” claim)
The Dog-of-Peace, in this instance, is a She. Females don’t raise their hind legs to mark their territory or to assert their dominance.
Okay, you got me on that one "she" looked to me like a neutered male from the photos (just shows you how photos can be deceiving when you don't re-read the article) still, bitches do have a distinct posture in "marking"
BTW, you're absolutely mistaken about the other photos!