>>The ball is in your court mrjesse. Given that we know that it takes light 8.3 minutes to get to our observer on the equator from the Sun, how do you explain that the Sun is exactly where it appears to be if the earth is spinning, but 2.1 degrees off if the Sun is rotating the earth.<<
Just for the record...
Its traditional to think of the sun as fixed with the earth orbiting the sun in a circle while spinning on its axis.
The actually situation is more complicated.
The sun is not fixed; the sun and earth actually orbit each other in an ellipse.The reason we speak only of the earth orbiting the sun is that greater mass of the sun means it doesn’t move nearly as much.
And for the nerds among us:
The sun also rotates on its axis but the tops and middle of the sun rotate at different speed. Every 27 days at the equator but only every 31 days at the poles.
I may be mistaken but my understanding is that is why the Suns magnetic poles flip. Which influences sun spots and possibly our weather.