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On this day in …

* 1848, the California Gold Rush: The New York Herald breaks the news to the East Coast of the United States of the gold rush in California (although the rush started in January)

* 1895, frontier murderer and outlaw, John Wesley Hardin, is killed by an off-duty policeman in a saloon in El Paso, Texas

* 1934, the first All-American Soap Box Derby is held in Dayton, Ohio.
ALSO: The creation of the position Fuhrer approved by the German electorate with 89.9% of the popular vote

* 1944 , Paris rises against German occupation with the help of Allied troops

* 1945, Viet Minh led by Ho Chi Minh take power in Hanoi, Vietnam

* 1953, the CIA helps to overthrow the government of Mohammed Mossadegh in Iran and reinstate the Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi

* 1990, Leonard Bernstein conducts his final concert, ending with Ludwig van Beethoven’s Symphony No. 7

* 1991, Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev placed under house arrest while on holiday in the town of Foros, Crimea

* 2003, practitioners of that “religion of peace”, blow up a Jerusalem bus, killing 23 Israelis, 7 of them children

* 2005, the first-ever joint military exercise between Russia and China,called Peace Mission 2005, begins