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Okay, I read your post, and have just a few thoughts. First, I do believe that a version of the big bang (inflationary theory, though there are many) is still the dominant theory, so I was not disputing that. As for the end of your post, I personally happen to believe this was also set into motion by a creator, but to each their own...

As for this question:...

how is it that bodies set in motion by whatever original force in the vacuum of space all of a sudden start accelerating at the same time and without any cause. What force of nature has caused the planets to accelerate from their present velocity? I do understand if they all remained at a constant velocity since they are traveling from a cause and are moving at the same velocity since space is a vacuum. I also can understand if they decelerate as they move away from their point of origin as would be characteristic of an explosion at their point of origin because they would of started at the same time. But, pray tell, how are they now accelerating and when did this acceleration start? What is the force that started them at the same time. It would seem that this force could be discovered and named.

That is one of the more curious mysteries, but I have a theory that would seem to explain it. The equations of genral relativity include the gravitational effect of electromagnetic radiaton, not just mass. In general (no pun intended) this radiation contributes an insignificant effect compared to the body that radiates it (stars). In fact, nearly 75% of stars in the universe are red dwarfs, which convert approximately .01% of their mass to radiant energy in their lifetimes. Some blue giants, however, can radiate away up to 50% of their mass during their lifetimes. This "mass" (in the general relativistic sense) would travel much faster than the expansion speed of the stars. However, there is another heavenly body, which radiates 99.999% of it's mass away: the blue supergiants when they turn supernova. This radiation takes places in the space of mere weeks, and it just so happens that the stars which supernova are the largest stars in the universe, up to 100 solar masses. We are now learning that there are far more supernovas than we had thought, and this isn't counting all the ones that happened before we got here (blue supergiants have very short lives, hence we can assume many, many of them went supernova before earth even supported life). Now all this mass is traveling in an expanding ~ spherical shell a few light weeks thick at the speed of light. Many of these shells are by now far larger than the visible universe of matter. You can now imagine all the gravitational energy PULLING the "regular" mass outward, accelerating its expansion.

Now that is just my theory, but it does help explain your valid concern. In any event, the measurements do seem to agree that the acceleration IS taking place, so there has to be SOME explanation.

Side note: Nobody knows how many supernovas have occurred or even a way to estimate. If there has been one supernova for every 10 stars the size of the sun, then this theory would explain the so-called "dark matter" that seems to permeate the universe, yet not be visible or charged (just like electromagnetic radiation). The universe is about 13.7 billion years old +-.2 billion, and a star that goes supernova lives 50-100 million years.