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To: tgambill

"The universe is not infinite, it is expanding and decelerating, thus it is finite. Einstein proved this."

Whoops, there goes your credibility.


17 posted on 03/02/2007 8:22:24 AM PST by Flightdeck
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To: Flightdeck

nope.....

The Big Bang Theory is the dominant scientific theory

http://www.crystalinks.com/bigbang.html

The Big Bang Theory is the dominant scientific theory about the origin of the universe. According to the big bang, the universe was created sometime between 10 billion and 20 billion years ago from a cosmic explosion that hurled matter and in all directions.
Fifteen billion years ago,the entirety of our universe was compressed into the confines of an atomic nucleus. Known as a singularity, this is the moment before creation when space and time did not exist. According to the prevailing cosmological models that explain our universe, an ineffable explosion, trillions of degrees in temperature on any measurement scale, that was infinitely dense, created not only fundamental subatomic particles and thus matter and energy but space and time itself. Cosmology theorists combined with the observations of their astronomy colleagues have been able to reconstruct the primordial chronology of events known as the big bang.
Quantum theory suggests that moments after the explosion at 10 -43 second, the four forces of nature; strong nuclear, weak nuclear, electromagnetic and gravity were combined as a single "super force"(Wald). Elementary particles known as quarks begin to bond in trios, forming photons, positrons and netrinos and were created along with their antiparticles. There are minuscule amounts of protons and neutrons at this stage; approximately 1 for every one billion photons, neutrinos or electrons (Maffei). The density of the Universe in its first moment of life is thought to have been 1094g/cm3 with the majority of this being radiation. For each billion pairs of these heavy particles (hadrons) that were created, one was spared annihilation due to particle-antiparticle collisions. The remaining particles constitute the majority of our universe today (Novikov).
During this creation and annihilation of particles the universe was undergoing a rate of expansion many times the speed of light. Known as the inflationary epoch, the universe in less than one thousandth of a second doubled in size at least one hundred times, from an atomic nucleus to 1035 meters in width. An isotropic inflation of our Universe ends at 10-35second that was almost perfectly smooth. If it were not for a slight fluctuation in the density distribution of matter, theorists contend, galaxies would have been unable to form (Parker).




What is the Big Bang?
http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sbleas/creative/entropy/#14
"Down with the Big Bang." Editorial title, Nature, 1989
At present, the big bang and its countless variations are the dominant theories in cosmology. For this reason, when examining entropy and the universe, the big bang theory is clearly the point to start. The 'standard model' is the simplest version.
According to the standard model, the universe was born in a massive explosion about 15 thousand million years ago. Time, space and matter were all created in an infinitely hot and dense fireball. Cosmologists still do not know what happened at the actual moment of the big bang. The closer to the big bang they investigate, the hotter and denser the matter is and the more tentative our knowledge of the particle physics involved at that stage becomes. What happens after the big bang is easier to work out.
As the universe expanded, the matter within it became cooler and less dense. The temperature dropped from 1011 °K at the time of one hundredth of a second after the big bang to 1010 °K one second later and then to 109 °K three minutes after the big bang. About 700,000 years later, temperatures had dropped enough to let stable atoms form. Fluctuations from place to place in the density or expansion rate of the smooth and featureless universe created slight matter imbalances, which gave rise to the first stars.
Although the universe has been expanding ever since the big bang, it will not necessarily always continue expanding, because gravity is pulling everything back together. The fate of the universe depends on how strong this retarding force is. There are three possibilities.
1. The universe may expand forever, because the gravitational force is not strong enough to halt the expansion. This is called an open universe and is judged the most likely possibility by observational evidence.
2. The universe may be balanced exactly between the two forces - the universe may just stop expanding in (infinite) time, but never contract. This is a flat universe.
3. Gravity may be strong enough to reverse the expansion and the universe will collapse back to a singularity. This is called a closed universe.
First, I will consider the nature of a big bang universe, then think about entropy and its effect in open, flat or closed universes.



MASS BOOM VERSUS BIG BANG:
EINSTEIN WAS RIGHT
Antonio Alfonso-Faus
E.U.I.T. Aeron´autica
Pl Cardenal Cisneros s/n 28040 Madrid, Spain
aalfonso@euita.upm.es

http://www.citebase.org/cgi-bin/fulltext?format=application/pdf&identifier=oai:arXiv.org:physics/0302058



25 posted on 03/02/2007 8:36:05 AM PST by tgambill (I would like to comment.....)
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