Arp, who for almost 30 years worked at the Mount Palomar and Mount Wilson Observatories in California, has raised eyebrows by suggesting that quasars (extremely energetic astronomical objects) are not the super-distant bodies they are generally taken to be, but are in fact ejecta from the centers of active galaxies. Images he took while at the observatories, he contends, show high-redshift quasars physically connected to low-redshift galaxies — an impossibility if redshift is an accurate measure of distance. I have questioned myself for some time the assumption that increasing redshift equals increasing distance from Earth. Almost all of modern astronomy is based on that assumptin - what if it is wrong and redshifts can be caused by other factors, such as gravitation that is not expected?