Marbury "authorizes" the Supreme Court to review acts of Congress. A treaty, or a "trade agreement" for that matter, ultimately is such a thing.
I better read the case berffore I say something stupid about it, since I thought it was about honoring an appointment of a person made by a person in the prior administration, because the subsequent administration did not honor that appoitnment. I could be wrong, so no need to run for the hills...I'll quit.
Not to mention that Article III gives the power to review treaties to the courts.
Marbury was always a favorite case. Basically, the Supreme Court gets the final say because the court says it does. I never understood why none of the other branches challenged this at the time--the language in Article III doesn't support this to my mind--but that would describe about half of their decisions to me also.