https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/18/2383
The difficult part is determine if they are engaged in rebellion or insurrection. Under 11.2 in the laws of the DOD. It says, "the (military) Court must examine whether there is sufficient evidence to demonstrate that the said authority was in fact established and exercised by the intervening State in the areas in question"
18 U.S. Code ยง 2383 Does not mention the armed forces of United States
Department of Defense Law of War Manual
11.2 WHEN MILITARY OCCUPATION LAW APPLIES
Not once in the chapter you cite, is there any reference to being applicable within the United States