Coyote.
Posted on 11/03/2015 3:26:20 PM PST by SJackson
Humans are not newcomers when it comes to messing around with nature. While we haven't created Frankenstein's monster yet, what we do transforms the natural world.
One recent example is the creation of the coywolf — a hybrid of the coyote and the wolf that is also known as the Eastern coyote. According to a new article from The Economist, their population seems to have reached more than a million.
These animals have a completely new genetic makeup: Their genes are about one-quarter wolf DNA and two-thirds coyote DNA; the rest is from domesticated dogs. A 2013 study suggests this dog DNA is mostly from a few specific breeds, including German Shepherds and Doberman Pincers.
Human activity likely played a role in the species' creation. As humans cut down wolves' forest homes and hunted down their populations, the lack of available partners for wolves led them to search elsewhere for mates, leading them to coyotes and dogs.
Scientists think this intermixing began with wild wolves in southern Ontario about a century or two ago.
The coywolves' success is astounding scientists. According to The Economist:
The animal’s range has encompassed America’s entire north-east, urban areas included, for at least a decade, and is continuing to expand in the south-east following coywolves’ arrival there half a century ago. This is astonishing. Purebred coyotes never managed to establish themselves east of the prairies. Wolves were killed off in eastern forests long ago. But by combining their DNA, the two have given rise to an animal that is able to spread into a vast and otherwise uninhabitable territory.
Here's the coyote, which traditionally maxes out at 75 pounds and has pointier features, and readily populates cities:
Coyote.
And this is what a wolf looks like. Wolves are usually bigger, weighing in at about 100 pounds, and prefer more wild habitats.
Wolf.
While the grey wolf and the coyote are each other's closest living relatives, the two animals separated evolutionarily 1 to 2 million years ago.
Usually hybrids — even between two closely related species — don't survive as well as their parent species, but the coywolves seem to be an exception. They've only really emerged in force during the last few decades, but they seem to have a few advantages over their parent species.
According to The New York Times' Moises Velazquez-Manoff: "[The coywolf] can be as much as 40 percent larger than the Western coyote, with powerful wolf-like jaws; it has also inherited the wolf's more social nature, which allows for pack hunting."
According to The Economist: "With larger jaws, more muscle and faster legs, individual coywolves can take down small deer. A pack of them can even kill a moose."
Two coywolf pups in Alberta, Canada.
These animals are even better fitted to our changing world than we thought, and their proliferation has been more "rapid, pervasive, and transformational than once thought," according to The Economist. The genetic combination of the two animals seems especially well suited to the northern habitat. The wolf genes allow the coyote to take down bigger prey, while the coyote genes let them adapt to cities and other populated areas.
The wolves even follow railroads into cities, making themselves scarce during the day — adopting a nocturnal schedule. They even look both ways before crossing the highway.
Another reason the animals are so successful could be their wider diet, according to The Economist:
Coywolves eat pumpkins, watermelons and other garden produce, as well as discarded food. They also eat rodents and other smallish mammals. Many lawns and parks are kept clear of thick underbrush, so catching squirrels and pets is easy. Cats are typically eaten skull and all, with clues left only in the droppings.
To study the hybrids better, scientists went ahead and made some 50/50 hybrids in the lab, mating female coyotes with male grey wolves. That's not exactly like the wild coywolves, but it's similar. And gives scientists a better idea of how successful a mating between the two species would be. While two pregnancies didn't result in live offspring, one litter created six puppies.
Here's the result:
The offspring of mating female coyotes with male grey wolves.
This is what a wild coywolf looks like. This one was spotted in West Virginia.
Coyote wolf hybrid coywolf
The mixing of the two species has even created hybrids with their own distinct sounds — taking the wolves' howl and the coyotes's yipping and turning it into a "yip-howl." You can hear it about 45 seconds into this camera-trap video, uploaded to YouTube by simplenotme:
Coyotes are fair game in Illinois. It is open season on them all year round, though in certain urban areas the means of taking them are severely limited. In more rural areas...well, fire away!
Most all of dogs, coyotes, and wolves interbreed and produce viable offspring.
They are really just one very large and varied speicies, with lots of sub-species.
75 pounds is a huge coyote; 100 pounds is likely an average wolf.
They’re not bullet proof.
Just sayin’.
:)
Yeah, well they will rip a dog to pieces as well. I heard it one night and. It was awful.
I doubt that would make them popular with dog owners, either.
Five gallon buckets filled with gravel and “propellant” with bait on top. Bait and convert filth into fertilizer.
Here in Massachusetts we have a mix:
http://www.telegram.com/article/20150205/NEWS/302059950
I live in a suburb north of Detroit and I saw that coyote in picture #1 crossing the road in front of my car early one morning..........They’re all over the place now.
LOL!
Yup, they appear to grow to sizes based on food supply and the interbreeding...interesting article in that folks with knowledge on the subject are able to expound on it.
Extremely opportunistic hunters...they’ll take anything they can. We live in a residential suburb, but we’re not far from the open desert...I’ve seen then in ‘burb every once in a while.
Sounds like more of a bark and howl, than yip and howl.
All i know is i bring a 12ga. with me when i bring my Jack Russell out for a walk around the local trails.
well, here they are called KY-yute...
Cyootle.
[Click images for the beautiful full resolution version]
Up here in the NE I’ve heard these called “Brush Wolves”.
My kind of neighbor. Instead of complaining about the noise on the 4th of July and New Years, they will add to the party.
Bless them all, each and everyone.
As a side note, how does he shoot them?
I know a land owner in N.W. Kansas who uses greyhounds and hybrids to chase them down............
Wow. Those are big animals. Must eat alot. Well did eat alot.
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