AQncient DNA: Reconstruction Of The Biological History Of Aldaieta Necropolis (Basque)

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New Basque Study: Ancient Aldaieta Cemetery (6th Century AD)

Aldaieta Necropolis Forensics Leads To Ancient DNA Reconstruction

Submitted by News Account on 8 April 2008 - 2:00am.
Science History

A research team from the Leioa campus of the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), and led by Ms Concepción de la Rúa, has reconstructed the history of the evolution of human population and answered questions about history, using DNA extracted from skeleton remains.

Knowing the history of past populations and answering unresolved questions about them is highly interesting, more so when the information is obtained from the extraction of genetic material from historical remains. An example is the necropolis at Aldaieta (Araba) where some of these mysteries about these peoples have been answered – thanks to the study of their DNA.

UPV team.

Aldaieta brings together certain important features which make this site a prime archaeological and historical record and its conservation an important task of restoration and study. In this vein, the group from UPV has undertaken a study of DNA in the necropolis at Aldaieta (Araba).

The researchers at the UPV/EHU have been studying the genetic material of ancient remains, extracted both from bones and teeth, in order to interpret the biological and social meaning of this necropolis. The study of ancient DNA is a field in which laboratory work is enormous for a number of reasons. On the one hand, in comparison with modern or current DNA, that extracted from the bones and teeth is quite degraded and is in very small quantities.

As a consequence, the risk of contamination is high. This is why, at all times the results obtained have to be authenticate and it has to be demonstrated that they are not due to contamination or handling/manipulation, but have genuinely been obtained from the samples.

The research work began with the extraction and subsequent analysis of DNA from the ancient remains (normally by the sequencing of mitochondrial DNA, a molecule inherited maternally) of each individual and in duplicate. Moreover, a third copy of the sample from each individual was sent to another laboratory and. finally, they compare all of them in order to distinguish between what is endogenous from what is the result of handling. Obviously, the results obtained from the same sample/individual have to tally in all the analyses in order to be reliable.

Interpretation of the settlement at Aldaieta

Despite the problems inherent working with ancient DNA, the methodology drawn up for the current work as well as the precautions and criteria of authentication undertaken have enabled reliable and verifiable results of the population buried at Aldaieta to be obtained.

Within the great homogeneity of the mitochondrial lines on the European continent, the genetic substrate of the population buried at Aldaieta falls within the variability of that expressed by current populations on the Cantabrian coast and Atlantic axis, thereby indicating the existence of genic flow between these human groups in ancient times.

Besides the characterisation of the mitochondrial genome, they have carried out the characterisation of the chromosome Y, using techniques focused on ancient DNA, an have shown the existence of family relationships within the necropolis, given that certain mitochondrial lines have a particular distribution, the grouping of individuals belonging to the same line having been discovered at nearby burial sites. Besides, there exists a significant differentiation gender wise, men having qualitatively and quantitatively more important funerary artefacts than women.

It is clear that the genetic analysis of skeleton remains, despite the labour-intensive work involved and the problem of authenticity of the results, has provided an essential contribution in the reconstruction of the biological history of human populations.

Thanks Blam.

Sowhere do the present-day Basques come from?

And who were the ancient ones?

Prehistoric Basques were closer to modern Near Easterners

12,000 Years Ago
(I'm an R1b Norwegian invader of the British Isles)

Is that the translation of the last sentence of this article? That Basques are partially related to locals, but there are some matrilineal lines from the Middle east as well?

Which means people move around ~ and lurking in the background they swap the girls with neighboring tribes, and you do that long enough even under stable conditions the mitochondrial DNA is going to travel a long distance.

There is an historic record of Middle Eastern types (Greeks) relocating to France to the Rhone valley in fact, and moving North and West to Gascony.

It seems they've found 'em!

Next, Hannibal invades Europe!

This is the last paragraph from the article linked in post #2:

"This study again confirms the amazing absence of haplogroup V from the ancient Basques, in significant contrast to contemporary Basques."

This haplogroup 'V' is suppose to be the ancient source of 52% 'V' in the Skolt Sa'ami. Hmmmmm...

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	Gods Graves Glyphs	Thanks Blam. Besides the characterisation of the mitochondrial genome, they have carried out the characterisation of the chromosome Y, using techniques focused on ancient DNA, an have shown the existence of family relationships within the necropolis, given that certain mitochondrial lines have a particular distribution, the grouping of individuals belonging to the same line having been discovered at nearby burial sites. Besides, there exists a significant differentiation gender wise, men having qualitatively and quantitatively more important funerary artefacts than women. Typical white person behavior, according to one of Obama's spokespeople. To all -- please ping me to other topics which are appropriate for the GGG list. GGG managers are Blam, StayAt HomeMother, and Ernest_at_the_Beach
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This is an easy one ~ all you have to do is accept the legitimacy of the Annals of the ancient Gaelic seakings kept by the Galicians in NW Spain to understand it.

The Galician annals are written in Greek ~ which appears to have been the "lingua franca" of its day. They claim to extend all the way back to 700 BC.

That's when the Gaelic speakers arrived in NW Spain and began taking the place over.

No doubt the local Basque population were startled with this intrusion, but the technologically superior folks who'd been sailing the Mediterranean and Black Seas for several hundred years since they'd been driven out of the Danube region had absolutely no problem conquering local tribes and imposing their language and religion on them.

Shortly after 700 BC these people invaded Ireland and took over (calling it Scota after their chief goddess). They called themselves Ir but had a three brothers tradition.

So, if the Annals are legitimate and the record is correct, Mediterranean dwellers invaded Basque country about 700 BC, raped the women, enslaved the men, and changed the genetic heritage of the locals. Later on that same mix was taken to Ireland in yet another conquest and had the same effect. The result was the Basque and Irish populations of today appear to be essentially identical (with, of course, a touch of that African lineage here and there, but not so's you'd notice it unless you knew where to look).

The Y chromosomes simply disappeared into whatever hole male slaves disappear into and were no longer biologically significant in the Basque population.

Recalling that children learn their mother's language, we can readily see that the Basque language was able to survive through the survival of female lineages in the more isolated parts of the Basque country, but this did not happen in the area totally dominated by the Gaelic speakers just to the West of today's Basque speaking areas.

I'm beginning to think the Annals that survived in Galicia are probably legitimate, as are the later documents about King Arthur and Merlin.

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^------------- Nonculpáble.

¡Definitivamente!

So is the Basque language similar to any other language out there?

las vascongadas?

uhhhhh...at my age, I would say a few of them are not guilty. The only one that might do some time is the one standing on the far left...but with a makeover and a few beers in me, who knows?

even the dude in the middle?

LOL! No...this guy does not do dudes.

Ya gots me on that one...

Basque, like all languages, has a lot of loan words from other languages. I don't think the grammar and many of the verbal forms have been linked to any other known language though.