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It isn't a great stretch to believe the moon shines by reflected sunlight, even it both are circling the earth. It would be interesting to find the first written record of this concept.

Some fast searching tells me it was Anaxagoras of Clazomenae (ca. 450 B.C.), who is credited with:

# Among last of Ionian natural philosophers of note; taught in Athens
# "Nothing comes into being or perishes, but is compounded from or dissolved into things that are"
# Inspired atomists by arguing that all things are compounded from numberless minute portions of an elemental an universal substance
# Universe is unlimited in extent, similarly composed, and subject to similar laws
# Universe is ruled by Mind - the Logos - not by whims of gods
# Moon shines by reflected sunlight (lunar eclipse) and has mountains on its surface
# Stars are fiery bodies so distant that we cannot feel their warmth as we do the Sun's
# Universe is of unlimited extension in which things are similarly composed and subject to similar laws (contrary to general belief among Greeks)

He got so many things right he may have been a stranded time-traveler.