If this photo is authentic, it seems that the shuttle was brought down by colliding with an orbiting top hat, not from damage caused by dislodged foam.
I don't see how they could get that angle from the cabin. Doesn't make sense.
Another Clarification
The article does not say that the video feed, and therefore the still photo, was taken from a window. Therefore, a video camera on the shuttle itself, which shuttles do have on the outside, took the video feed and therefore could have seen that.