I don't know. John Stossel did an hour-long report on school bullying last year and his report corresponded with what I experienced in jr. high back in the early 70s. One girl was hounded so mercilessly that she killed herself. Her parents were so obtuse that even after a suicide attempt they put their daughter back in school with the assurance from the school personnel that they would "handle the problem." In her suicide note she said that she couldn't take the bullying any longer. The parents are now suing the school.
Interspersed with this heart-rending story were interviews with self-proclaimed bullies of various ages. All of them said they "liked to see them cry" when speaking of their victims. The motivation was similar for all of them. They were "nothings" in school but being the bully made them something. Their cockiness spoke volumes about how (little) they are disciplined.
There was a lot of hidden camera video shown in the special. The bullying starts early and, in a way, the most horrible bullying was the relatively "mild" bullying of elementary school. In one scene a boy is shown walking around by himself at recess. The only time any kids would interact with him would be to make fun of him or punch him. After being kicked and punched by one group of kids he ran to the other side of the playground. After 10 minutes he came back to be abused again. Why? A psychologist said that it's worse to be alone than to be an abused member of "the pack."
I used to call school (especially middle school) "The Lord of the Flies." I have seen nothing to change that judgement.