WHO WILL TAKE AWAY HIS LICENSE TO KILL?

STEVEN J. HATFILL DOCTOR STEVEN "MENGELE" HATFILL The WASHINGTON POST quoted the title of this web page and Hatfill's disgusting attorney, Victor Glasberg, bemoaned the fact that his client was being called a NAZI SWINE. This greatly pains us and we retract this statement - Hatfill is not a NAZI SWINE - he's a dirty lying Nazi Swine! We don't claim to be objective. We hate Hatfill's guts because of his connection with the South African Nazi Party. We dare him to sue us for defamtion of character! What character? He has no reputation to defame.

MAIL AND GUARDIAN ON LINE MURKY PAST OF US BIOWARRIOR MARLENE BURGER Two months ago an Internet search for information about Steven Jay Hatfill would have produced less than a dozen results, confined to scientific research bearing his name. This week surfers can choose from close on 7000 "hits", ranging from a 50-page diatribe by the Jewish Defence Organisation -- which dubs the American doctor "Steven Mengele" and challenges him to sue for defamation -- to reports in French, German, Spanish, Danish, even Vietnamese. CONTINUE

THE FORWARD THE FEATHERMAN FILE of Noteworthy Items in the Press Hatfill Rumors August 16, 2002: Sources reached by the Forward say they can vouch for stories in South African newspapers reporting that Dr. Steven Hatfill, the scientist under scrutiny by the FBI in connection with the recent deadly anthrax attacks, boasted that he had close ties to imprisoned South African neo-Nazi leader Eugene Terre'Blanche.

Two sources who worked with Hatfill at the University of Stellenbosch in the Western Cape confirmed reports that ran in Cape Times and other newspapers last month saying that Hatfill bragged of connections with Terre'Blanche. Hatfill said he trained elite bodyguards in Terre'Blanche's Afrikaner Resistance Movement, or AWB, in 1987 or 1988, sources told the Forward. A photo of Terre'Blanche surrounded by his brigade, including Hatfill in uniform, hung in the university's radiobiology lab in the department of radiation oncology, where Hatfill worked, sources said. The sources, who asked to remain anonymous, said they were no longer able to find the photo.

Cape Times reported in July that Hatfill trained the AWB's Aquila Brigade. Other South African newspapers in the area that are owned by the same publisher, the Independent News & Media, picked up the story. Reached by the Forward, the Cape Times reporter, Tony Weaver, stood by his article and said it had been corroborated by several sources. He declined to reveal them. "He's very well known about Cape Town," Weaver said about Hatfill.

But an AWB "executive councilor," Andre Visagie, reached in Kimberly, South Africa, denied the connection. Visagie said there was no record or memory of Hatfill's alleged involvement with the AWB and that Terre'Blanche, whom Visagie contacted in prison, never heard of him. "These accusations are aimed at stopping Mr. Terre'Blanche's release from prison," said Visagie, whose leader was sentenced to six years in jail for a beating in 1997 that left a black worker paralyzed.

Visagie also claimed there had been no Aquila training camps where Hatfill was said to have been stationed, and that they only existed in Transvaal, in the north. ButKeith Conroy, a former Aquila instructor, who confirmed reports that he was the chief trainer of the AWB's armed wings, told the Forward there were such camps near Hatfill's university. He said, however, that he does not remember meeting Hatfill, and that he would have remembered someone with an American accent.

The American-born Hatfill, a medical doctor, spent 15 years in southern Africa, returning to the United States in 1995. Although the FBI has searched Hatfill's home, they have not labeled him a suspect in the anthrax attacks. Hatfill denounced the news media this week and vehemently denied any connection to the attacks.

A friend and spokesman for Hatfill, Pat Clawson, told the Forward: "I've known the man for several years and I have never ever heard Steve speak of blacks, Jews or any other people with a racist connotation."(Guess who was behind this article? The JDO!)

THE THREE POSSIBLE SCENARIOS The JDO would like nothing more than to blame the anthrax attacks on the Iraqis. We say: NUKE BAGDAD and that would be that. But Hatfill was involved, there is no doubt about that. Hatfill is very intelligence, for a Nazi insect. By making the return address on the anthrax envelope GREENDALE he was saying - I know you're gonna finger me, but you'll never be able to prove. But Hatfill had an accomplice in his anthrax caper and this may prove to be the weakest link. The co-conspirator was someone close to him like his girlfriend or an Arab or a Nazi who did the actual mailing. Nicholas Kristoff reports that someone very close to Hatfill is providing incriminating testimony against Hatfill, probably his Chinese girlfriend, who he is using as part of his cover. The chances she did the mailing are slim. She would have to be highly ideologically committed because if she did it unwittingly, she would have turned him in by this time, gotten immunity from prosecution and collected the 2.5 million dollar reward. She is probably telling the Feds that Hatfill bragged to her about his exploits - because he has been known to have been a braggart in the past. Hatfill's book EMERGENCE, sounds a lot like a variation of the TURNER DIARIES by the dead William Pierce, who this website has also pointed to as likely role model or Nazi connection for Hatfill. That brings us back to a Nazi as a possible accomplice. Another possibility, which is put forth in this website for the sake of examination, is that Hatfill offered his services to Iraq, who put Bin Laden's crew in touch with him. Why would Hatfill do this? He wants to see America go down hard so that the economy fails and the Nazis have a chance to come to power and deport all the mud people who Hatfill believes are turning this country into a veritable cesspool. In EMERGENCE Congressmen and Senators are mailed anthrax, but soon everyone in D.C. comes down with the disease. D.C. is 80% black. The following is the ARAB/HATFILL scenario:

AL-QA'IDA OBTAINS ANTHRAX Evidence suggests that Al-Qa'ida was able to obtain a significant amount of the Ames strain of anthrax, through Iraq, from Dr. Steven Hatfill, a bioterrorism expert who had been a player in the Rhodesian and South African bioweapons programs. Hatfill had offered his services to Iraq because of his greed and his hatred of Jews and Blacks that manifested itself in his connection with the Nazis. The Islamists, thank G-D, never found the adequate means to disperse the agent in sufficient quantity.

The FBI dismissed as coincidence numerous unexplainable associations between the September 11th Islamist operatives, the biojihad launched against America and Dr. Steven Hatfill despite historical evidence of this sort of ung-dly union in the past. In 1957 German advisers had been invited to Egypt by the Arab nationalist Gammal Abdul Nasser. Many of them were former Nazis. Scientists, engineers, doctors, police experts had come to occupy a central place in the running of the country. The Mossad was especially worried about German scientists working on an Egyptian rocket.

How did Hatfill become a Nazi and a traitor to his country? Like athletes, traitors are made, not born! The JDO has assembled a chronology of Hatfill's life and interwoven it with the known activites of the September 11th crew.

Steven J. Hatfill was born on October 24, 1953 in St. Louis, Missouri, the son of an electrician (1) and part-time horse breeder, and was raised in Illinois. Hatfill’s father, Norman, stated: “I am told when my great grandfather came into Indiana he changed the spelling of his name when he married to distance himself from the feuding Hatfields.” (2) Norman Hatfill became president of the Hughes Corporation owned Electric Laboratories and Sales Corporation in 1968.

Hatfill graduated from Mattoon High School, Matton, Illinois in 1971 then studied biology at Southwestern College in Kansas. Military records show Hatfill was a Marine Corps Reservist from October 1971 to June 1972. In the middle of his studies, around 1972, he spent a year at a Methodist mission hospital in Kapanga, Zaire, operated by Glenn J. Eschtruth, M.D., (3) and his wife, Lena Eschtruth since 1960. Hatfill participated in a rural health care program in Zaire as an undergraduate. He was also in the United States Marine Corps Officers Candidate Program (PLC). Platoon Leaders Class (PLC) lets a student complete their academic career uninterrupted at the college or university of their choice. If they maintain an overall "C" average or higher, upon graduation, they will be commissioned as a Marine Second Lieutenant. Hatfill was discharged from this program after one year. Details of his brief Marine career were blacked out on his official transcript for reasons a Corps spokesman could not explain. (4)

Hatfill graduated from Southwestern College in 1975. He got married on October 11, 1976, at the Pinnebog United Methodist Church, Pinnebog, Minnesota to Caroline Ruth Eschtruth who was born on June 19, 1957, at Patrick Air Force Base, Florida the daughter of Dr. Glenn Eschtruth.

In April 1977 Lena and Glenn Eschtruth and a number of foreign missionaries and aid workers in the Kapanga area were placed under house arrest by mercenaries who had invaded Zaire from Angola. The Marxist regime of President Agostinho Neto in Angola had accused Zaire of harboring and training pro-Western guerrillas who were defeated in 1976 by Neto's forces with the help of Soviet- and Cuban-directed troops. When the Zairian troops, with western assistance, routed the invaders, Glenn Eschtruth became the only foreign detainee to be executed by the departing mercenaries and was brutally murdered on April 19,1977. Precisely why Eschtruth was singled out for death by the invaders has never been explained. Doctor Eschtruth was marched away, and his body was found in a shallow grave some distance from Kapanga. He is buried at the mission hospital in Kapanga. (5) The death of Hatfill’s father-in-law, who had saved many African’s lives and was repaid for his beneficence by being murdered, did not endear him to Africans or Communists. "He would talk about running around in the bush and throwing grenades in Zimbabwe and that sort of thing," Edward Rybicki, who met Hatfill at the University of Cape Town said. He also boasted about shooting grenades into the Zimbabwe offices of the African National Congress, which was fighting to overthrow white rule in South Africa, Rybicki said.

In May 1978, shortly after the birth of a daughter, Kamin Marie McIver on February 22, 1978, the couple divorced. In 2002, although he never re-married, Hatfill said: “I have a family, and until recently, I had a reputation, a career and a bright professional future.” Caroline Hatfill wife married John Brian McIver few years later. A source reported:” Let’s say there's no love lost between Steven Hatfill and Caroline Hatfill who did not even tell him she was pregnant before he left for Rhodesia. She would not accompany him to Rhodesia despite his rather cruel pressure tactics. Hatfill did not realize Kamin existed until she had her first child [with McIver]. Brian McIver raised Kamin as his own.”

Caroline Hatfill’s second husband died in Clinton Township Michigan. He was a pedestrian and killed instantly (at 11:00 PM on Dec 18, 1997) from multiple injuries. He was a Police Officer at the time. The accident was on 23 Mile Road, about 10 miles north of his residence and Hatfill's daughter's residence. Kamin Hatfill, who took the name of her stepfather, was married on March 1, 1997, in St. Clare Shores, Michigan to William Harry Bode.

From June 1975 to March 1978 Hatfill claimed to have served with the United States Army Institute for Military Assistance based at Fort Bragg, North Carolina. Hatfill’s claimed his MOS (Military Occupational Specialty) was 05B2S, Special Forces Communications Specialist - Radio Operator. Newsweek Magazine confirmed this, however it reported: “He did a three-year stint in the Army, stationed in the United States, but did not rise above the rank of private.” The Baltimore Sun reported: “Army records show he began Special Forces training at Fort Bragg on January 23, 1976, but was "academically dropped" a month later and never completed the training.” In 1997 Hatfill stated that he "served with U.S. Army Special Forces" and that he was a member of 7th Special Forces Group. If had been dropped from training he could not have been part of 7th Special Forces Group. In 1999 Hatfill changed the reference to the 7th Special Forces Group, saying he had "served with the U.S. Army Institute for Military Assistance." The U.S. Army Institute for Military Assistance was an offshoot of the guerrilla operations of the O.S.S., the predecessor to the CIA. It became the nucleus of men and techniques that would give birth to Special Forces (more popularly known as the Green Berets) on June 19, 1952. In July 1983 it was renamed the U.S. Army John F. Kennedy Special Warfare Center and School.

Hatfill served variously in the Army, Army Reserve and National Guard from February 1975 to January 1981. There is no question that Hatfill did serve with the Special Air Service (Rhodesia), C Squadron of the white supremacist regime in Rhodesia. (6) Hatfill had active combat experience with the SAS. In 1974 many neo-Nazis from the United States joined the Rhodesian military so that they could realize their ambitions of “killing niggers.” In 1974, Harold Covington, who joined a neo-Nazi group while in the U.S. Army in 1972, moved to South Africa, later joining the Rhodesian Army for 18 months. Covington claimed that he was a founding member of the Rhodesian White People’s Party. He was deported from Rhodesia in 1976, after sending threatening letters to a Jewish congregation there. After the 1979 massacre in Greensboro, North Carolina, which left five people dead and another nine with injuries from gunshot wounds, he fled to Rhodesia and later South Africa. (7)

Details about Hatfill's war experiences are shrouded in mystery, starting with the fact that he could not have simultaneously served as a member of the US's "Green Berets" and two Rhodesian military units without high-level official sanction. Professor Don Foster, an FBI forensic linguistics expert, says the evidence points to someone with high-ranking military and intelligence connections having carried out the anthrax attacks: "My two suspects both appear to have CIA connections. These two agencies, the CIA and the FBI, are sometimes seen as rivals. My anxiety is that the FBI agents assigned to this case are not getting full and complete co-operation from the US military, CIA and witnesses who might have information about this case."

From 1978 to 1984 Hatfill attended medical school at the Godfrey Huggins School of Medicine (now the University of Zimbabwe) in Salisbury, Rhodesia where he still had active combat experience and lived near the suburb of Greendale and Greendale elementary school. A school in Harare informally known as the Greendale School was actually named for Courtney Selous, a famed white hunter and the namesake of the Selous Scouts. Most schools in Zimbabwe have recently been renamed with the names of indigenous heroes. The primary school in the Greendale area is or was "Courtney Selous School" at PO Box GD35 Greendale Harare. Although four roads - Coronation Avenue, Queen Elizabeth Road, Royal Crescent and Kennedy Drive surround the school - the actual street postal address unknown. By telephone one dails the country and area code 09263-4 (the last digit "4" is for Harare).

The bogus return address used by the sender of the fatal anthrax letters was also a Greendale school. Why did Hatfill leave this clue for investigators? From his other actions he is not the type of person that subconsciously wishes to get caught. The address read, "4th Grade, Greendale School, Franklin Park, New Jersey, 08852." There is no Greendale school, but there is a Greenbrook Elementary School in Kendall Park, directly across the highway from Franklin Park, only one block away. Greenbrook School has classes only through the fourth grade. The ZIP code 08852 belongs to nearby Monmouth Junction, until a couple years ago, it also covered the Greenbrook School area. Hatfill, or someone who collaborated with him, must have been familiar with this area.

One theory on the "Greendale" return address, is that he made an inadvertent slip up... and which in the end will be his downfall in that it helped investigators point to him. As was mentioned, the return ZIP code on the letters was an OLDER zip for Greenfield NJ (which does have a 4th grade school), but Hatfield inadvertently put down GREENDALE which of course he subconsciously confused with Greenfield. The fact that the ZIP was an older one, shows that he was trying to "remember" the name of the school from this area, and it was here that he made the Freudian slip of writing down Greendale.

Hatfill spent two years in the United States, during his stay in Rhodesia, during which the intelligence community debriefed him about the counter-insurgency operations being carried out in Rhodesia.

At the Godfrey Huggins School of Medicine Hatfill’s mentor was deceased former professor of anatomy Robert Burns Symington, the father of Rhodesia’s biological warfare program. Symington experimented with the odorless and colorless organo-phosphate, Parathion. Organo-phosphates are extremely difficult for anyone other than an expert to detect in an autopsy. The poison must enter the body’s largest hair follicles, underarm or around the crotch. Smearing on underwear is the most efficient method. (8)

Symington, a white supremacist, facilitated Hatfill’s entry into the Medical School “I did suspect that Symington was connected to the military, but I did not know his connection with Hatfill. I only thought Hatfill had come (into medical school) via the military since he had connections with the Rhodesian army,” said a senior staff member at the University of Zimbabwe School of Medicine who declined to be named. He was one of Symington’s colleagues in the school’s department of anatomy and also a lecturer of Hatfill.

The question has been asked, why and how an American citizen joined Rhodesia’s medical school. “The only time we admit non-Zimbabweans is when a student comes from a country without a school of medicine,” explained the source. Unable to reconcile himself to black majority rule at independence, Symington moved to South Africa, where he died of a heart attack a year after joining the University of Cape Town. But that was not before the Zimbabwean government set up a committee to probe him for deliberately failing a group of African students in 1981.

Black students at the then-University of Rhodesia had always suspected Symington of engaging in sinister bio-chemical experiments in conjunction with the Rhodesian military. He was one of the major focus points of the 1972 student demonstration, which led to the suspension of several student leaders, including the late poet Dambudzo Marechera, Witness Mangwende, Ibbo Mandaza, Simba Makoni, and Heneri Dzinotyiwei. Symington at one time tried to douse Marechera with sulphuric acid, to which the maverick poet responded by hurling a rock at him. Marechera later described the incident in his book, “The House of Hunger”, when he made reference to “ the fascist professor whose black bullet-head” he “missed by inches”. (9)

Symington and Hatfill worked with the Ian Smith-led white supremacist regime on its biological warfare project, which resulted in the world’s worst recorded outbreak of anthrax in the latter phase of Zimbabwe’s liberation war, between 1978 and 1980. Hatfill helped cause the largest outbreak of human anthrax - over 10,000 cases, most of them coetaneous, unleashed against black guerrillas. Hatfill participated in the white army's much-feared Selous Scouts. Selous Scouts and their civilian advisers covertly distributed the deadly anthrax spore among the hungry cattle of the Rhodesian tribal trust lands. The logic was kill the black man’s cattle, and food for the Rhodesian guerrillas dies with them; kill the cattle and blame the guerrillas and win a psychological victory at the same time.

From 1989 to 1992, Dr. Meryl Nass, MD, (10) researched the epidemiology of the largest outbreak of anthrax in history in Rhodesia in the late 1970s and realized that an inexplicable spike in the casualty figures had occurred during the years 1979 through 1980. Before this Rhodesia reported only an average of thirteen human cases a year before 1978. However, in the two years 1979/1980, a staggering 10,738 human cases were recorded and 182 humans died of the illness. Thousands of cattle were infected and slaughtered. No commercial, white-owned farms were affected. Even more puzzling was the way in which the anthrax spores were transported over very large distances - across areas where no bovine cases were known to have occurred.

The earliest corroboration of this operation was a secret report sent by a U.S. Defense Intelligence Agency officer to the Pentagon. “According to [source deleted but probably Hatfill], a member of the Rhodesian Selous Scouts admitted in 1978 that ‘they’ had tried biological warfare techniques to kill terrorists.” The most logical method of delivery of the anthrax was an anthrax-laced cattle food. Michael John McGuinness, who ran Rhodesia’s counterterrorism operations, denied it ever enganged in B/W and said they wouldn't have welcomed an American's help anyway. "We didn't trust foreigners with that sort of thing," he says. (11)

Jeremy Brickhill, a white Zimbabwean activist who joined the guerrilla forces during the war of liberation, was himself a victim of a South African military hit squad in 1987, when he was severely injured in a car bomb attack, alleged that by 1975 clinical trials were performed on human guinea pigs at a remote Selous Scout camp provided by Rhodesia’s Central Intelligence Organization, on little-known political detainees. By 1976, the Central Intelligence Organization Special Branch and the Selous Scouts carried out the actual deployment of the successfully tested biological weapons in target areas. South African military and security personnel who not only acted as advisers and monitors, but also played some part in the development of the chemical and biological agents, assisted these men. When the war was over, the biological warriors slipped back south across the border, returned to South Africa, and studied the lessons of Rhodesia.

In December 1998 Health Minister Timothy Stamps of Zimbabwe began an investigation into the use of anthrax. The government’s probe was announced as suspicions strengthened that some possible side effects of those germs could be responsible for some fatal diseases prevalent in Zimbabwe, including anthrax. Former Rhodesian premier Ian Smith quickly dismissed this as a “lot of rubbish.”

Health Minister Stamps said anthrax, which breaks out often in some parts of Zimbabwe killing mainly livestock, was laboratory-devised. “I am sure the anthrax was a laboratory-devised virulent type…and one suspects that it was specifically developed as a weapon against an overwhelming number of people who were regarded as enemies to those who occupied power at the time,” he said. (12)

Hatfill stated: “I especially object to having my character assassinated by reference to events from my past which bear absolutely no relationship to the question of who the anthrax killer is. As a substitute, the press and now the public have been offered events from my past going back 20 or more years, as if this were critical to the matter at hand. In fact, it is not. No more than any of you, I do not claim to have lived a perfect life. Like your selves, there are things I would probably do or say differently than I did 10 or 20 or more years ago. Modern information-retrieval technology, coupled with sufficient motivation, can lead to anyone's life and work being picked apart for every error, wrinkle, failed memory or inconsistency. Mine can; so can yours.”

Wouter Basson was involved in the rescue of American scientists from a secret laboratory in Zaire after they had fallen prey to their own experiments with haemmorhagic fever. He testified that his rescue mission to Zaire took place in 1978, and that he was sent to Zaire by the surgeon-general after the Americans requested help for their sick scientists at a secret jungle laboratory.

The first recorded Ebola outbreak in Zaire was in 1976, and that the South African team was led by Professor Margaretha Isaacson. Basson said that was not the one in which he was involved, though he claimed the two incidents are linked. Basson said the American scientists he treated were admitted to 1 Military Hospital and had haemmorhagic fever, not Ebola. Although it was suspected that they had Ebola, the serology showed that it was, in fact, a variation of Ebola. Dr Prozesky of Pretoria University assisted him in treating them. Basson said that the patient, Del Conn, who was flown to South Africa under Isaacson’s care, was merely admitted to Rietvlei Fever Hospital "in transit" and almost immediately transferred to the U.S.

In May 1979 former French Foreign Legionnaire Charles "Chris" Timothy Pessarra, (13) 50, who served in the Rhodesian army, saw South African cardiologist Wouter Basson inject five unconscious guerrillas with a solution on board a "death plane" from which they were then thrown out over Mozambique after a powdered substance was sprinkled on the bodies. The unconscious guerrillas had been disguised in the camouflage uniforms of the Selous Scouts, complete with firearms and false papers. Pessarra assumed the intention was to drop them over Mozambique where their bodies would spread "contamination" among whichever guerrilla force recovered them. Pessarra said the top-secret death flight had been under the control of the Selous Scouts. (14) Click HERE for 1999 confession of retired French Foreign Legionnaire Charles Pessarra.

During Basson’s trial for mass murder and fraud Johan Theron testified that on numerous occasions Basson supplied Theron with deadly muscle relaxants and sleeping tablets used to pacify and murder hundreds of Swapo detainees and own forces regarded as a threat to national security. Theron claimed Basson had demonstrated to him how he should inject persons and had supplied him with the deadly substances. He claimed the bodies of his victims were usually stripped and thrown into the sea out of an airplane. A witness, known only as Mr. K., testified that on many occasions the victims were alive at the time of being loaded into the aircraft. In such cases the victims were injected with a sedative before being thrown from the aircraft. The witness was unable to say whether all victims 'disposed of' in this way were dead before being thrown from the plane. He did say that they had experienced a problem in 1980 when one of the victims regained consciousness and began to struggle. This he said led him to speak to Basson about the substance provided because he knew that the sedatives were provided by him.

Adv. Jaap Cilliers told the court during cross examination that it was not possible that Basson had supplied the sedatives, nor that he had been approached by Mr. K in this regard because Basson was a medical student at the time. This contradicts evidence presented to the Truth and Reconciliation Commission hearing by Dr. Basson who said that he had joined the SADF in 1975 after completing his medical studies and his internship. He told the TRC that by 1980 he had been promoted to the rank of Major within the Defence Force. Cilliers did however hand a certificate to the court that indicated that Basson had graduated as a specialist physician in April 1981.

Basson denied ever visiting the Operational Area with Theron in order to demonstrate how lethal injections should be administered. He denied issuing orders to any of the doctors under his command to supply Theron with any medication.

Hatfill encountered Wouter Basson, the head of South Africa’s biological weapons program when both men were in Rhodesia. He either participated in the rescue of the scientists or learned about it. During Basson’s trial in South Africa in early 2000, in answering questions relating to the testimony of an earlier witness that Basson had been in Zimbabwe before the independence of that country, Basson said he was aware of allegations that chemical and biological weapons had been used in Rhodesia because in 1981, he was summonsed by the then chief director counter-intelligence and told that a container of poisons had been uncovered as part of an ANC arms cache. It was a green metal trunk and Basson had to examine the contents. Being still a novice, he landed up in hospital as a result. He was told that the ANC had captured the trunk of toxins from the Selous Scouts. It contained mainly insecticides, which were analysed at the University of Pretoria by Dr Willie Basson.

Asked if he had ever heard about poison being added to cornmeal Basson said that during the mid-80s he heard that the Council for Scientific Research had been asked to test mealie-meal from Sector 10 of the Operational Area (Ovamboland) that had been contaminated with swimming pool chemicals. This made no sense to him, since the particular chemical supposedly used, is the one which measures pH level in pools, and it changes colour when wet, so the mealie-meal would presumable also have changed colour when used.

In June 1984 Hatfill moved to South Africa, where he completed various South African Defense force military-medical assignments, serving as a medical officer, while obtaining three separate master's degrees in Microbial Genetics / Recombinant DNA, (March 1987 to September 1988) Medical Biochemistry/ Radiobiology, (January 1989 to December 1990) and experimental pathology as well as a Ph.D. in molecular cellular biology. He also served a rotating general internship in South Africa (medicine, pediatrics, surgery, obstetrics / gynecology, accident and emergency).

Hatfill joined the Medical Special Operations Battalion of the South African Army founded in 1981, by Wouter Basson, a pioneering unit that gave medical and military support to Special Forces fighting behind enemy lines. In 1982, Basson founded Project Coast, South Africa's biological warfare program. In 1985 Roodeplaat Research Laboratories was built. This biological facility dealt with living organisms, anthrax, botulism, and bubonic plague. During the Truth and Reconciliation Hearings in South Africa the following testimony was recorded regarding the projects that were undertaken at Roodeplaat:

Mr. Chaskalson: Did you ever hear of talk of the introduction of substances such as cholera, anthrax or other such substances into communities?

Mr. Odendal: Okay, that's Bacillus Anthraces, which is Anthrax. Anthrax is one of the most common organisms used in biological warfare. I think the Americans, the British, Sadam Hussein, all the people have Anthrax in their collection, and the purpose of this project was to establish whether one could produce a strain of Anthrax that would be resistant to penicillin. We did a lot of LD 50 tests, that means that we used a lot of mice to determine the pathogenicity of - we have about 45 different strains of Anthrax in our collection, and because the Kruger National Park is a basic endemic area for Anthrax, we met closely with them and to look at some of the problems that is associated with Anthrax in wild animals, so we obtained a number of isolates and we tested their pathogenicity in mice, and this project was all about that. Mr. Vally: [What experiments were conducted with Anthrax?]

Mr. Odendal: There's one, the 9th of June '89, "Spore en brief". Those were Anthrax spores and they were supposedly put onto the glue part of the envelope.

Mr. Vally: Where you aware whether it could be done or not, whether spores could be put onto the gum of an envelope?

Mr. Odendal: I suppose it could be done, but I don't think it's a very good idea to immobilise or to incapacitate someone, because I doubt whether it will be effective.

Dr. Mike Odendaal was the former head of the Department of Microbiology, Roodeplaat Research Laboratories from1984-1992. Odendaal was sorry for his involvement in Coast: Only at a later stage did I become aware that an offensive capability was also envisaged. At the point of my recruitment it did not cross my mind that innocent people may be affected. By the end of the 1980s we had established an impressive collection of pathogens including anthrax and botulinum. Some of these organisms had been used in the production of weapons.” He currently works in the poultry health industry.

During 1984 Wouter Basson said that he traveled extensively during which time he met the Belgian toxicologist Aubin Heyndrickx, a former Buchenwald prisoner. (16) Through an associate of Heyndrickx Basson met Mr. Blucher of Blucher, GmbH, Erkrath, Germany, a firm that manufactures chemical and biological resistant clothing. (17) Blucher conducted monthly meetings that included Russians, Libyans, East Germans, Americans and Swiss intelligence agents with an interest in Chemical and Biological Warfare who would help one another acquire biological and chemical weapons. Blucher (since deceased), was a very wealthy industrialist, specialising in defensive CBW and other military equipment. Basson said Blucher was an industrial giant, whom he claims was a descendant of (Marshal Gebhardt von) Blucher, who played a decisive role in the defeat of Napoleon at Waterloo. Basson said that after the war, Blucher was taken to America along with Werner von Braun - a family member, as it happens - and only returned to Europe in 1950, to build the family fortunes anew. Basson said Blucher had factories "all over", including one in Israel, which Basson visited.

It was here Basson formed a relationship with Abdul Razak, a senior Libyan intelligence agent, an East German spy named Dieter Dreier and a mysterious Russian by the name of Vorobyov. The foundation was laid for a nine-year relationship in which the Libyans quickly became the dominant force, with access to "unlimited" funds. Basson was a regular visitor to Libya from 1988, but the South African judiciary found evidence only much later travel. Basson helped Qadhafi construct the biggest chemical weapons plant in the Third World, at Rabta. (18) The Americans discovered Gaddafi’s laboratory in this plant, because on their satellites they could see the wheelbarrows of dead dogs going to the incinerator, and not from information supplied by the South Africans.

It was not until Basson began exploring such Libyan business possibilities as a heart hospital, cigarette factory and construction of a railway line that the United States governments issued demarches, the highest form of diplomatic protest, to Pretoria, demanding that Basson's movements be curtailed lest he continue to sell off South Africa's Chemical and Biological Warfare secrets to Qadhafi. (19) Basson also confessed to the Pretoria High Court that he had helped Iraqi President Saddam Hussein create chemical and biological warfare facilities in the late 1980s. Basson said he was at a chemical and biological warfare facility in Felluja in 1986 and 1987. (20)

When Basson was on trial for his alleged crimes against humanity a prosecutor named Torie Pretorius put it to Basson that in July 1998, South African journalist, Freek Swart, wrote that Basson had visited top secret military installations in Iraq, and knew where Saddam Hussein’s CBW weapons were stashed. This was correct, said Basson. Pretorius asked if, as reported, Basson had given this information to the United Nations team sent to Iraq to find and destroy Saddam’s CBW weapons and installations. Basson said no, he had given it to British intelligence.

Asked who the Swiss and German colleagues were who, as it was reported had, accompanied Basson to assist in the dismantling of a CBW factory at Felluja. Basson said they were two of Herman Blucher's associates. He said he (Basson) was merely an observer. Basson said the court should bear in mind that the Swiss, Germans, British and Americans all played key roles in helping Saddam Hussein build up his military capabilities.

It was through experiences such as this that the Islamists began to realize that if the price was right, or if they were motivated in a similar direction, top Western scientists like Dr. Hatfill, could be enlisted in a biojihad. This was the first point of contact between Hatfill and the Iraqis.

Hatfill related: “From 1987-1990, I continued advanced degree studies and served as Emergency Medical Officer for the Conradie General Hospital, Cape Town. Surgical experience includes trauma management, burns with skin graft management, common thoracic and abdominal emergencies, and open/closed fracture reductions. I have performed over 40 Cesarean sections, several hundred normal vaginal deliveries, and administered over 400 general anesthetics during training and medical practice. Assigned to the 2nd Medical Battalion (TA Reserve) South African Defense Force. I hold certifications in Diving and Submarine Medicine and Aviation Medicine. Consultant Flight Surgeon to 30 Squadron Air/Sea rescue unit based at Yesterplatt Air Force Base, Cape Town.”

While in South Africa, Hatfill was a close friend of Eugene Terre Blanche, head of the South African Nazi Party, also known as the Afrikaner Resistance Movement (AWB). Terre Blanche is a sympathizer of William Pierce, who ran the neo-Nazi National Alliance Party and was the author of The Turner Diaries, an Aryan-jihad blueprint that advocates biological warfare against the United States. Pierce died of cancer in July 2002.

Nazis want to impress their target audience with high technology or with weapons that appear more sophisticated than conventional ones. Terrorists find technology appealing for various reasons. Pierce, who studied physics at California Institute of Technology, was interested in high-technology weapons. In his novel The Turner Diaries, rightwing extremists use nuclear, chemical, biological, and radiological weapons to take over the world. Pierce believed he can attract more intelligent recruits to his organization over the Internet than through radio or leaflets.

Neo-Nazis have shown greater interest in chemical and biological weapons in the last 5 years. In 1998 members of the Republic of Texas were convicted of threatening to assassinate President Clinton, Attorney General Janet Reno, and other officials with biological agents. In May 1995 Larry Wayne Harris an Ohio biochemist and member of the neo-Nazi Aryan Nations bought three vials of Yersinia pestis, the bacterium that causes bubonic plague. No law prohibited Harris or any other U.S. citizen from acquiring the agent. The law has been tightened up since, although many fear it is still not restrictive enough. Harris was convicted of fraud. In February 1998, Harris boasted to an informant that he had enough military-grade anthrax to wipe out all of Las Vegas. Eight bags marked “biological” had been found in the back of a car he and his accomplice were driving. Several days later, the FBI learned that the anthrax was a vaccine strain not harmful to human health. He was convicted of violating probation by threatening to obtain anthrax bacteria. Another member of the Aryan Nations once bragged he had a stash of anthrax from digging up a field where cows had died of the disease in the 1950s. Asked who he thought the most likely domestic perpetrators of biological terrorism were, John Trochman, a leader of the Montana Militia, said that disaffected military officers posed the greatest threat. Many anti-government groups are attempting to recruit inside the U.S. military. William Pierce also foresaw the use of biological weapons by antigovernment groups: “People disaffected by the government include not only the kind of people capable of making pipe bombs. Bioweapons are more accessible than are nuclear weapons.”

Pierce said: “What the people mailing out anthrax-infected letters are giving us is just a reminder that we can have no real security - in fact, no real future for our children and our grandchildren - until we regain control of our own government. Americans will never again have real security or real peace of mind until they have regained control of their government and their media. Things are a bit brittle now. A few dozen more anthrax cases, another truck bomb in a well-chosen location, and substantial changes could take place in a hurry: a stock market panic, martial law measures by the Bush government, and a sharpening of the debate as to how we got ourselves get into this mess in the first place.”

In 1987 or early 1988, Hatfill used the Milnerton Shooting Association's shooting range in Table View, South Africa, for training the Afrikaner Resistance Movement's elite Aquila Brigade, Terre Blanche's bodyguards and shock troops.

Eugene Terre Blanche’s ancestors were French. His grandfather, Etienne, was a rebel from the British Cape Colony, who fought on Boer side. His father was a Lieutenant Colonel in the South African Defense Force and also the Commander of his district. Eugene was selected out of 20,000 Police Officers to guard the State President and Prime Minister of that time in South Africa. His Prime Minister's views on racism became a disappointment to him. In 1970, with 6 other racists, they founded the AWB. From this committee of seven, the AWB emblem, "Three Sevens", was created to resemble the swastika. His movement increased from 7 founding members to a number of 70,000 out of a White population of 3.5 million.

In 1988 AWB member Barend Strydom killed six blacks and wounded 17 more when he opened fire in downtown Pretoria. (21) Terre Blanche took South Africa to the brink of civil war in 1994, when he rallied thousands to his cause threatening to destabilize the country's first democratic election that saw Nelson Mandela become its first black president. Terre Blanche led an abortive raid by several thousand armed right-wingers into the former Bophuthatswana black homeland a month before the 1994 vote.

Currently Terre Blanche is serving a jail sentence of six years in prison for attempted murder. Terre Blanche was found guilty in 1997 of hitting Paul Motshabi over the head and neck with a blunt object. Motshabi was in a coma for a month and suffered permanent brain damage. (22)

That same year Terre Blanche was sentenced to one year in prison for assaulting petrol attendant John Ndzima in 1996. Terre Blanche served six months of the sentence and emerged from prison considerably thinner than his former self. He told the press: “Of all the prisons in the country I was taken to one in Bophuthatswana. There I was, one of four Boers (white farmers) with 400 (black) Tswanas. Correctional Services was not the least worried about my safety. I hope they will again put me in a single cell."

During 1986 Terre Blanche was going to a public meeting in Barbeton when he was stopped at a police roadblock just outside the town. The police officer in charge told him that the security police had received information that the ANC was planning to assassinate him that evening. The police thereupon accompanied Terre Blanche and guarded the entire meeting.

Nothing came of the ANC attack, but this incident caused the AWB to establish a security unit. Thus "Aquila" came into being. Aquila (the Latin word for eagle) was a registered security company that was officially brought in to being in April 1987.

Willem Olivier, former private secretary to assassinated Prime Minister H.F. Verwoerd, was the sole director of Aquila. Olivier joined the AWB in February 1986 and later that year Terre Blanche announced at an AWB Head Council meeting that he was appointing Olivier as the movement's Chief Secretary. Olivier held this position until early in 1989, when he left the AWB.

No Aquila membership lists as such were ever kept, and because of the localized nature of Aquila no final tally of members was ever reached. Olivier estimated that fully trained Aquila personnel never reached more than 300 country wide, while "part time Aquilas" - those who attended half or none of the courses totaled many hundreds more.

Aquila was comprised out of men above the age of 18 years, and these men had to be prepared to go on training courses, which were done on farms in the Northern Transvaal. Several training camps were held on the farm of Manie Maritz, son of the Boer War general of the same name. Like all other registered security companies, Aquila members wore uniforms, and the only major difference was that the Aquila men were all volunteers who did the work part time.

It soon became a common sight at AWB meetings to be met at the door by several big Aquila men who would search all people entering the meeting for weapons or explosives.

Although Aquila itself disappeared, some of its former members went on to form a new "security division" of the AWB, which was under former South African Police Brigadier TJ "Red Russian" Swanepoel. Swanepoel earned notoriety as the policeman who directed the suppression of the 1976 Black riots in Soweto, and was been banned from entering many foreign countries for this role.

A source at the Capetown Times said Hatfill's AWB connection emerged when a staff member at a South African hospital where Hatfill had worked spotted a newspaper article about Aquila's training camps. The source told this researcher: "What happened was that an article appeared in either the Cape Argus or the Cape Times about members of Aquila being trained at a local shooting range. The staff members were discussing this disturbing report, which led to Hatfill boasting that he was the trainer for the Western Cape wing of Aquila. He subsequently backed this up by bringing in some photos, one of which was the posed group shot of Hatfill with Terre Blanche and others. This was posted on the board of the seminar/tea room, where it remained for a long time. It was probably removed when the laboratory was due to receive visitors who might not have liked what they saw.”

The photograph was a group shot of Eugene Terre Blanche surrounded by uniformed members of Aquila - including Hatfill. This indicated that Hatfill had close ties to imprisoned Afrikaner Weerstandsbeweging (AWB) leader, Eugene Terre Blanche. The led to Hatfill boasting that he was the weapons trainer of the Western Cape Branch of Aquila." (23)

Hatfill gained a Master of Science degree at the University of Stellenbosch's medical school in 1990 while working in the radiobiology laboratory in the department of radiation oncology. He alienated a lot of scientists at the radiobiology laboratory because he carried a 9mm pistol, and boasted about his military past. He angered the women staff because he would invite them to wild parties. Years later, Hatfill was reportedly caught with a girlfriend in a biohazard hot suite, in flagrente. "He was unpopular because he just did not respect other people's lives and their work and their needs in the lab," said Lothar Bohm, professor of medicine at Stellenbosch. "He was the sort of person who would go in the labs late at night at take pieces of equipment without asking." (24)

When asked about the Tygerberg Zoo, Basson said animals at the zoo were used for experiments, small deer for pheromone research and cheetahs for heavy metal research. Basson said the University of Stellenbosch and Swartklip Products conducted the research. Swartklip Products is engaged in the manufacture, fundamental research, design, development and proofing of pyrotechnics and explosive devices for nearly half a century. It is an autonomous company catering to the needs of the South African Defense force. Swartklip produces CS anti-riot products for the control of riotous situations where a strong deterrent with a low lethal potential is required.

Aside from the fact that the University of Stellenbosch was involved in Project Coast there was additional testimony that indicated men like Hatfill were recruited to become part of it, despite the fact they were practicing medecine at the time. A man referred to only as Mr R said he joined the Civil Co-operation Bureau (CCB) of Project Coast because "the bush war had moved into the cities" and he realised that covert measures would be needed to combat the threat. He regarded all orders he received or carried out as a Project Coast CCB agent as lawful, and was deeply conscious that "we were not playing games...we were engaged in deadly conflict".

He said his tasks included seeing to the medical needs of covert units, providing medical advice and meeting the units’ operational requirements. He was able to run his own medical practice and did not wear a uniform, but when needed for CCB business, would be paged. He admitted acting as courier for certain "products" needed by CCB operators. The requirements would be given to him by an agent only known to him as Theo. No real names were used, though Mr R - whose administrative name was Frans Brink - knew the true identity of some CCB operators. His contacts in this regard were Basson and the person he knew only as Willem (the code name used by Rodenplatt Research Laboratory scientist Dr. Andre Immelman).

Mr R would convey Theo's requests to either Basson or Willem, the products would be given to him and he would pass them on to the CCB. He said that "sometimes" he knew what the products were to be used for, while on other occasions, he "wondered" but assumed that all requests were in keeping with the CCB's objective of maximum disruption of enemies of the state. When he handed products over to Theo, they met somewhere at the side of a road, but his meetings with Basson and Willem took place in Basson's secretary's office.

Another witness at the Basson trial, known only as Mr. K., testified that he had been one of the founding members of the Selous Scouts in Rhodesia. He left Rhodesia in 1978 and joined the South African Defense Force as a member of Special Forces in 1979. In the same year he was approached by the Commander of Special Forces, Gen. Loots and the Minister of Defence, General Magnus Malan and instructed to establish a covert unit within Special Forces that would adopt the modis operandi of the Selous Scouts. To this end Mr. K. was instructed to establish a front company under which cover the unit would operate. Initially an estate agency by the name of NKJM was established, however since none of the founder members had any knowledge of the real estate business they soon changed the name to NKTF Security Consultants. The Unit was known as Operation Barnacle.

The chief objective of the unit was elimination of identified State enemies and the carrying out of "super-sensitive" covert operations, which could include eliminations. Other objectives of the unit included: 1. The elimination of members of own forces who threatened to expose covert operations. 2. Intelligence gathering. 3. Ambushes; 4. Combat intelligence. 5. Conducting of chemical operations. Mr K. told the court that he had not personally been involved in operations involving the use of chemicals.

Mr. K testified that during 1979 and 1980 he had recruited former Rhodesia soldiers and members of the South African Defence Force (SADF) to the unit. Due to the nature of pseudo operations carried out by the unit most of the operators recruited were black. Pseudo operations required that the members of the SADF unit infiltrate SWAPO under the guise of being SWAPO members.

Mr C, who may not be named in terms of a court order, for fear of reprisals was another witness against Basson. Mr C was a Selous Scout from 1970 to 1980, specialising in pseudo operations. After joining the SADF's Special Forces in 1980, he spent another 10 years conducting pseudo operations and also joined the Civil Cooperation Bureau (CCB). Mr C says he first met Basson "in passing" in then Rhodesia in the late 1970s. This happened in the communal mess at the Selous Scouts Head Quarters outside Harare. Basson was in a group of South African security force members who had gone to Rhodesia to take part in joint operations with the Selous Scouts. Basson denied being in Rhodesia in the late 70s and it was in fact impossible for him to have been there, since he was a full-time medical student until 1981. From 1980, Mr C was stationed in Nelspruit, conducting pseudo operations and working for the CCB.

Mr. R would convey Theo's requests to either Basson or Willem, the products would be given to him and he would pass them on to the CCB. He said that "sometimes" he knew what the products were to be used for, while on other occasions, he "wondered" but assumed that all requests were in keeping with the CCB's objective of maximum disruption of enemies of the state. When he handed products over to Theo, they met somewhere at the side of a road, but his meetings with Basson and Willem took place in Basson's secretary's office.

Another reason to believe that Hatfill was involved with Project Coast was because Basson testified that he was the author of the psychological profile of the Special Forces operator. He said he had been asked to compile the profile when it was found that although medical doctors qualifying as Special Forces members had a 75% pass rate, other recruits had only a 50% pass rate. Asked why this should be, Basson pointed out that it was easier to turn an intelligent being into a strong and hardened military operator than to turn a physically strong person into an intelligent being.

Hatfill's involvement with Project Coast allowed him to obtain some revenge on the Angolan Communists for the death of this father-in-law. Basson said the "enemy" was identified as the Angolan forces and their surrogates, the Cubans, East Germans and Russians. Basson was informed that the Cubans, East Germans and Russians all had chemical weapons, and was given examples of these having already being used against UNITA. There was one verified chemical attack against Unita troops in Angola, and CR gas, weaponised at Rhodenplatt, was used once by South African Defense Force troops during Operation Modular (1987/88). CR refers to the chemical agent Dibenzoxazepine and is ten times higher to the human sensitivity than CS Gas. Basson claimed that there were "multiple" attacks in Angola, and that "people died from exposure to nerve gas".

Basson, who is persona non grata in the USA, said the FBI contacted him to ask about Hatfill, and he'd never heard of him. He said Hatfill had no contact with South African Special Forces or intelligence. The records of Project Coast were destroyed after being transferred to CD-ROM. At an unspecified date after this the American authorities reportedly showed an unwelcome interest in the disks, requesting access to them. President de Klerk refused this request, and the National Intelligence Agency then ordered that security surrounding the disks be stepped up even further, since the disks were a potential espionage target.

In 1990, a journal entitled South African Armed Forces ran an article by Hatfill that pointed out that since the U.S. military tested recruits for AIDS so should the South African military. (25) The South African Truth Commission investigated whether the South African government used AIDS virus against its enemies. Doctor Hennie Jordaan, who holds a PhD in medicinal chemistry from New York State University stated: “We formulated it to be an anti-HIV sort of project.” In one case the Civil Co-operation Bureau collected infected blood, possibly from a dying double agent, to be used in "an operation". A person closely linked to the biological weapons programme was involved in taking blood from the HIV-positive individual. (26)

During the Basson trial, General Knobel was asked to answer questions about the acquisition of a peptide synthesiser by the project. Defense counsel for Basson, Advocate Jaap Cilliers, put it to Knobel that the peptide synthesiser bought by Project Coast and installed at the Speskop laboratory was not needed for AIDS research, but for research into "one of the most dangerous aspects of chemical warfare".

The equipment, he claimed, could be used to alter brain and motor functions - and the results would be long-term, if not permanent. For example, according to Cilliers, by tampering with brain peptides, the aggression level of a normally placid person could be increased to above-normal levels, turning the subject into an "uncontrollable monster". Conversely, a highly aggressive person could be turned into a meek and mild one. The potential of this research, according to Cilliers, was the "biggest single fear" of the international community in respect of CBW, as the implications for the human race are terrifying should the process be abused.

Another witness was Dr Graeme Gibson, now an anesthetist, who joined the SADF as a national serviceman in January 1983 and the Permanent Force in August 1984. He volunteered for the Special Forces Medical Special Operations unit in April 1983, working out of the Special Forces Headquarters (Speskop) under the command of Basson.

Gibson said that in 1986, he was put in charge of an HIV-AIDS research project - or surveillance study - designed to evaluate the strategic effect of HIV on both the South African Defense Force and on the conventional warfare capacity of neighbouring states. The project entailed taking blood from troops attached to various neighbouring fighting forces, including UNITA. Gibson's task was to collate the data and documentation and submit it to the Chief of Staff Planning, who in turn submitted it to the State Security Council. His reports were based on blood tests, information gathered and literature. Numerous blood samples were collected and analysed during the project, which was run in conjunction with the departments of Foreign Affairs, Health and Correctional Services.

In 1992 Hatfill and three other hematologists authored a paper entitled Mitochondrial DNA Mutations in the Myelodysplastic Syndrome. Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of diseases in which the bone marrow does not function normally and not enough normal blood cells are made. They are fatal disorders that lead to death either through bone marrow failure or by transformation to leukemia.

Hatfill was then employed as a medical doctor in the Department of Hematology, where he completed his MS. He received board certification while studying for a doctoral degree, and practicing in a South African clinic. The South African government recruited him to be a medical officer on a 14-month tour of duty in Antarctica where he was a team physician for at the South African National Antarctic Expedition.

Hatfill studied for Board certification in Hematological Pathology from June 1993 to August 1994.

Hatfill claimed he earned a doctorate in "Molecular Cell Biology/Biochemistry" from Rhodes University in South Africa. According to Rhodes University Registrar Stephen Fourie, he was registered as a doctoral candidate from 1992 to 1994 and submitted a thesis, but he was never given the degree. According to Pat Clawson, a Hatfill spokesperson, Hatfill thought he got the degree in 1994. In 1995 told National Institute of Health he had the degree. An NIH official said the agency has what appears to be a photocopy of a doctoral degree from Rhodes bearing Hatfill's name, certified as authentic by a British law firm. He still claimed the degree in 1997 and sometime between 1997 and 1999 (after he had obtained jobs at NIH and USAMRIID) he corrected his error when he realized that he really didn't get the degree because in a 1999 resume, the reference has changed from "Ph.D. Degree" to "Ph.D. Thesis.”

Hatfill left South Africa and he claimed to have completed a post-doctoral fellowship at Oxford University in England. Hatfill was a Senior Clinical Scientist at the John Radcliffe Hospital, Nuffield Department of Pathology Oxford University, England from 1994-1995 while a member of the Royal Society of Medicine, London. The Royal Society of Medicine has no record of this. Hatfill bragged of having been a double agent in South Africa.

Doctor Niman commented on the relevance of Hatfill’s deception: “In the area of scientific research, there are some checks and balances. Manuscripts submitted to peer reviewed journals are considered more reliable than non-peer reviewed. However, even for peer review, there is a certain trust level. Thus the reviewer won't generally ask for a copy of the raw data, or get testimony from the technician doing the experiment that the data is legitimate, or hold up the manuscript until the data is independently replicated. The reviewer assumes the data is real, and gives comments on the manuscript. The ultimate test of the reliance on the submitted data comes when someone else tries to repeat the data. Consequently, submission of manuscripts with fabricated data is kept to a minimum (although of course it does happen).

“Post-doctoral fellowships at the NIH are related to the above. The positions are given to those who have expertise in a given area, and an awarded PhD degree is one piece of evidence that the data underlying the researcher's thesis has undergone some type of review and meets a certain standard. Awarding a fellowship to someone who has misrepresented their degree is serious for a position that involves scientific research. It goes to the integrity of the researcher.

“Everyone has there own theory on who did the mailings. Integrity is a component that goes into the calculations of some.”

When Hatfill returned to the United States in 1995, he took a research fellowship at the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Maryland. Hatfill received an National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Intramural Research Training Award Fellow, September 1995 to September 1996, September 1996 to September 1997, approved for September 1997 to September 1998, salary between $40k and $43k. Hatfill showed slides of anthrax victims at a June 1998 bioterrorism conference in Washington. In December 1998, at Temple Beth Ami in Rockville, Maryland he "described the problems encountered with developing anthrax as a weapon." That year Hatfill spoke about anthrax on the television show of Armstrong Williams "There's no doubt in my mind that he had knowledge about anthrax," Williams said. Hatfill: “It's true that my research expertise in biology, for example, the Ebolavirus, the Marburg virus, and monkey pox, and not bacteriology, as in the case of the anthrax organism. I have never worked with anthrax. I know nothing about this matter. It's also true that I have never, ever worked with anthrax in my life. It's a separate field from the research I was performing at Fort Detrick.” A person familiar with Hatfill’s work said that Dr. Hatfill was involved in producing simulants that produced fine powders of bacillus globigii, a nonlethal bacterium and would have had the training necessary for producing the finely ground anthrax powder sent to Capitol Hill offices last fall.

In 1996 Hatfill and three other South African scientists published a paper entitled an Epidemiological Study of Serious Haematological Diseases in the Pofadder Area. In the early 1980s the South African Atomic Energy Corporation had sampled groundwater from a number of boreholes in the Pofadder area in the North Western Cape as part of a geological programme. Hydrochemical analyses indicated that certain aquifers contained relatively high concentrations of uranium, arsenic and fluoride as well as elevated levels of radioactivity. As this was not considered to be of any economic significance, no further action was taken.

Meanwhile the departments of Internal Medicine and Community Health of the Faculty of Medicine at the University of Stellenbosch noted that a number of cases of people suffering from haematological anomalies have been reported from the area around Pofadder. These haematological values differed from the normal ranges to a significant extent. Hatfill’s paper determined that a correlation existed between the contamination and increased blood diseases.

From September 1997 to September 1999, Hatfill was a Senior Research Associate, who worked on developing a vaccine for the deadly Ebola virus, among other projects, at America’s top military bioterrorism research facility, the U.S. Army Medical Research Institute for Infectious Diseases, (USAMRIID) at Fort Detrick, Maryland. This untreatable virus rapidly kills 80% to 90% of the humans it infects, and no one knows where it lurks in the years between its small-scale outbreaks, up to now confined to central Africa. Scientists in the former Soviet Union reportedly weaponized the virus.

The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) listed Ebola as a "select agent" in 1996, meaning that at least three antiterrorism statutes regulate it. Ebola is also one of the potential bioterrorism agents now targeted by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. NIAID is seeking $1.4 billion for biodefense in fiscal 2003, a $1.2 billion jump over 2002.

Hatfill's work was the result of a two-year fellowship sponsored by the National Research Council. On September 4, 1997 his status as an Intramural Research Training Award Fellow had been replaced by an appointment as a Special Volunteer, September 1997 to September 1998. His salary $57.6k (20 hrs/wk?) was paid by the Department of Defense, U.S. Army, Ft. Detrick, Maryland. At Fort Detrick, Hatfill never had nor needed security clearance, according to Chuck Dasey, a spokesman for the facility. US military experts say it would also be "just about impossible" for anyone with known links to the last white regime in Zimbabwe and the AWB in South Africa to have gained employment at Fort Detrick -- one of the most sensitive facilities within the US military -- unless this, too, was part of an official plan.

Hatfill reported: "I have been conducting research on the coagulopathy associated with Ebola and Marberg Filovirus infection in Rhesus primates using the maximum containment Biosafety Level-4 facility at USAMRIID, Ft. Detrick, MD. My role has expanded to include research on anti-viral therapeutics for orthopoxvirus and filovirus infections using rodent and non-human primate models. I am the primary civilian consultant to the Aeromedical Isolation team at USAMRIID, where I participate in field training exercises, provide training seminars, and have significantly upgraded the AIT's capability for in-flight patient monitoring. I have participated in the development of an advanced human organ culture system for infectious disease research at USAMRIID. This was used to document tropic differences between Reston Ebola and Zaire strains.

Concurrent work outside of U.S. Army Medical Research Institute for Infectious Diseases includes the historical development and theoretical applications of Caulder's equations/tables. Working knowledge of the former U.S. and foreign BW programs, wet and dry BW agents, large-scale production of bacterial, rickettsial, and viral BW pathogens and toxins, stabilizers and other additives, former BG simulant production methods, [BG - Bacillus globigii is a safe, non-pathogenic microorganism which is used in a harmless way by the researchers to simulate the movement of clouds of sporulated bacteria] open air testing and vulnerability trials, single and 2 fluid nozzle dissemination, bomblet design, munitions programs, and former U.S. and Soviet BW munitions."

Victor Glasberg, stated: “At Fort Detrick there’s bacteriology research and there’s virology research. They each have their separate labs. They each have separate decontamination chambers. The lab Steve had access to dealt with viral diseases. ... The two were separate and didn’t mix. ... He never worked with anthrax at Fort Detrick. He’s a viral guy. That [anthrax] is a bacteria.” Hatfill stated he worked with bacteria outside of Fort Detrick.

Hatfill also worked on a project that involved the utilization of a fluid-filled rotating wall vessel bioreactor to culture various potential biological warfare agents. The fluid-filled rotating wall vessel (RWV) bioreactor is a recently developed cell culture device that is able to successfully integrate cell-cell and cell-matrix co-localization and three-dimensional interaction with excellent low-shear mass transfer of nutrients and wastes, without sacrificing one parameter for the other. Designed at the Johnson Manned Spaceflight Center, the RWV bioreactor consists of a cylindrical growth chamber that contains an inner co-rotating cylinder with a gas exchange membrane. (27)

The project was titled: Assessment of the RWV as a Universal pathogen culture system. Primary Investigator: Dr. Steven Hatfill, LCMB, NICHD and NIH.

“Experiment Design: Attempts will be made to culture a variety of infectious pathogen types in the same simple media (RPMI-1640, 15% FCS) containing human tonsil tissue explants maintained in the RWV bioreactor. In addition, a human liver and epithelial tissue equivalent will be formulated from established cells lines grown on cytodex microcarrier beads. These will be co-cultured with the tonsil explants. Known pathogens which have proved to be difficult to isolate by normal protocols, will be introduced into the RWV culture media and allowed to incubate with the tissue and tissue equivalents for two weeks.

Aim of Experiments: To demonstrate the potential ability of the RWV bioreactor to act as a universal pathogen culture system for the primary isolation of previously unrecognized pathogens during outbreaks of emerging disease. By demonstrating the ability of the RWV to culture a variety of known pathogens of different classification, i.e. RNA viruses, Retroviruses, DNA viruses, Parasites, Spirochete bacteria, etc., we hope to demonstrate the applicability of the RWV system for de novo [anew] primary pathogen isolation protocols. At present, the de novo isolation of previously unknown or unrecognized emerging disease pathogens requires elucidating the proper culture media or permissive cell line applicable for growth of the pathogenic agent in culture. A few examples serve to illustrate the difficulty inherent in this process using conventional technology. The 1970’s outbreak of Legionaries Disease required for months to identify the causative agent as a bacterium. The HIV-1 retrovirus required over 2 years to isolate and the 1993 outbreak of Myuro Canyon disease in the four-corners region of the United States took 7 weeks to grow this Hantavirus in culture. Clearly these timelines are unacceptable with respect to many public health threat scenarios for emerging disease agents. By utilizing the ability of the RWV to maintain a normal three-dimensional cytoarchitecture and microenvironment for a number of tissues, the possibility of using human tissue explants for primary pathogen isolation becomes a distinct possibility.

“Preliminary Results: As previously described, the RWV has demonstrated its ability to culture the HIV-1 virus. In addition, the RWV has now demonstrated the ability to culture and amplify the Ebola virus in human tonsil tissue explants.

“Plans: The RWV will be used in an attempt to culture Treponema pallidum, the causative agent of syphilis. This organism is notorious for its resistance to culture by conventional methods. In conjunction with assistance from the Armed Forces Institute for Pathology, the RWV system will be used to culture Legionnaires Disease. The U.S. Army Medical Research Institute for Infectious Diseases will also attempt to culture Hantavirus (Muryo Canyon agent) in the RWV. (28)

In 1993, a task force of scientists in New Mexico discovered a previously unknown infectious disease agent. This disease agent occurs naturally throughout most of North America; it is airborne, and in the absence of prompt medical attention, its infections are usually fatal. This disease is called Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS). A "hantavirus" belongs to a group of RNA virii related to the family Bunyaviridae and, depending on its nature, may be the etiological agent for one of two acute illnesses: hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). The HFRS-causing hantavirii are endemic to East Asia, while HPS-causing hantavarii are endemic to the New World. But like all virii, the range of their natural hosts, which are rodents, most notably deer mice, dictates their distributions. At the U.S. Army Medical Research Institute for Infectious Diseases Hatfill used an alias and traveled to Central Asia, where he brought back samples of the HFRS-causing hantavirii.

The RWV is the bioterroris's dream machine: "My best technical guess is that somebody could have grown a gram or so with equipment that fit on the top of your desk," said Jay C. Davis, former director of the Defense Threat Reduction Agency, part of the United States Defense Department.

Richard Ebright, a chemistry professor at Rutgers University, estimated that the equipment needed could be purchased for less than $50,000. And Davis said it would be relatively simple for the suspect in the anthrax attacks to cover his tracks.

Dr. Niman talked to Synthecon CEO Andy Anderson in July 2002. Synthecon makes the NASA bioreactor used by Hatfill. They were much too quick to deny that bioreactor could be used for anthrax but admitted that the Bioreactor can be used to increase the virulence of Salmonella. It has been used to culture Legionellosis is an infection caused by the bacterium Legionella pneumophila. The disease has two distinct forms: Legionnaires' disease, the more severe form of infection that includes pneumonia, and Pontiac fever, a milder illness. Bioreactors are small and portable and Hatfill used them when at USAMRIID. Dr. Niman asked: Why use a Synthecon Bioreactor to grow anthrax? Hatfill has extensive experience with the system and his contact with Synthecon may have allowed acquisition of equipment and supplies without leaving a paper trail. It is small and easily portable and a disposable insert is available. Plausible deniability is built in because it is not normally used for bacteria. Cells can be grown to high density, although size of batch limited. The lack of shear forces eliminates debris and the size of the spores may be uniform because of growth conditions. Additionally, some bacteria show increased virulence when grown in micro-gravity conditions and evidence increased virulence that would not be seen at DNA level. This ties in to the FBI investigation because the FBI is looking for links to equipment purchase. The anthrax was not milled (lack of debris) and its density was very high. The spores are small and uniform in size, prepared in small batches and showed no evidence that DNA had been altered.

Roger Akers, a close friend of Hatfill is the Vice President Market Development of Synthecon. Akers joined Synthecon in 1995 after more than 20 years in corporate and entrepreneurial sales, marketing and advertising. In addition to creating and implementing all corporate advertising, product education, and sales, he is responsible for the company's Internet presence and has introduced Synthecon to several international science conferences, including the American Society of Cell Biology and the American Association for Cancer Research. He also established a Pacific Rim distribution network for the Rotary Cell Culture System (RCCS) technology. He is the principle liaison between Synthecon and research investigators.

In March 1997, an incident occurred at Baltimore-Washington International Airport when mysterious fumes shut down US Airways operations for four hours while sending several travelers to the hospital with nausea and eye and throat problems. The origin of the problem could not be identified.

Hatfill first appeared in the media after April 24, 1997 when an 8-by-10-inch manila envelope oozing a red gelatinous substance was delivered to the offices of the B'nai B'rith International in Washington, D.C. More than 100 employees were quarantined for eight hours while the two workers who had come into contact with the package were decontaminated with bleach.

The envelope contained a typed, two-page rambling note that included a statement that "the only good Jew is an Orthodox Jew” and statements aimed at Jewish liberalism and the Jewish community, as well as a reference to anthrax. The letter purported to be from the "Counter Holocaust Lobbyists of Hillel." A label on a broken petri dish found in the package was inscribed "antracis yersinia," authorities said. Yersinia pestis is a bacillus that causes Bubonic plague. Initial tests were negative for anthrax and a number of other biological agents. Unfortunately, the substance was bacillus cereus -- a non-pathogenic cousin to anthrax that is difficult to obtain if you don’t work in a hospital or lab.

It was at this time that neo-Nazi groups were upset with the Jewish student group Hillel’s campaign to prevent them from running advertisements in college newspapers advocating holocaust denial. Bradley Smith reprinted this Hillel email on his website: “We wanted to inform you that Bradley Smith, a Holocaust revisionist, recently placed a small ad in the Daily Texan (The University of Texas student newspaper). It did not contain any of his usual propaganda, but did contain his web site (www.codoh.com) and his email address in case people wanted to "ignore the thought police" and "read the evidence" for themselves. This "subtle" way of advertising in college papers may be his new tactic to reach college students and must not be ignored. Please pass this message on to as many people as possible.” (29) Nicholas Kristoff of the New York Times reported: The package contained a petri dish mislabeled "anthracks" and compared this to the mis-spelling of "penacilin” in the post-September 11th anthrax letters. Kristoff also reported that on the date that Hatfill chose for the B'nai B'rith attack, a terrorism seminar was under way in the Washington area and Hatfill was mad that he wasn’t invited to speak. The next day, he sent a letter to the organizer saying that he was "rather concerned" at the omission and added: "As was evidenced in downtown Washington D.C. a few hours later, this topic is vital to the security of the United States. I am tremendously interested in becoming more involved in this area." (30)

Fred Reed, a contributor to the Washington Times, published an August 11, 1997 article that quoted Hatfill:

“A fellow I know is Steve Hatfill, a medical doctor with years of experience in the Third World, and therefore with the diseases to be found there. What would happen, he wonders, if terrorists, with or without the support of governments like Iraq's, tried to use diseases as biological weapons against America? How would they do it? Dr. Hatfill has thought carefully about bio-terrorism. He made some intriguing points. To wit:

“There exist at least four reasonably distinct levels of possible biological attack. The first is the B'nai B'rith variety, in which no real organisms are used. ("Hello. This is Abdul. We have put anthrax in the food at Throckmorton Middle School." In fact, Abdul hasn't.) We empty public buildings for bomb threats. How about for anthrax threats? After all, sooner or later one might be real.

“The second level consists in the release of real bacteria or viruses, but without the intention of infecting many people. For example, a bad guy might spray plague bacteria around the men's room in the World Trade Center. Probably only a few people would get it, and perhaps none would die -- but it would take only one plague case to shut down the entire building, especially if the bug had been sprayed on several floors.

“The third level consists in trying to get a lot of people sick, and maybe dead, but not necessarily to start a self-sustaining epidemic. Anthrax spores put into the ventilation system of a movie theater would do the trick. The result would be horrendous panic even if only a hundred people got sick or died. After all, if it worked in a theater, what public place would be safe?

“The fourth level consists of a self-sustaining, unstoppable epidemic sweeping the nation. While the idea makes good copy, it isn't likely. Most serious diseases are containable or self-limiting. Some have to be transmitted by contact, which can be prevented; others diseases are spread by coughing, but most don't last long outside the body, and so on. The important point is that you don't need a raging epidemic to paralyze a city. Remember B'nai B’rith.”

In late 1997 Hatfill posed for a photo in his kitchen, decked out in an Army supply gas mask and protective body gear made of white trash bags. The photo appeared in January 26, 1998 Insight Magazine. “A homemade broth culture, based on recipes published by Louis Pasteur in the late 1800s, could be incubated in an ordinary electric oven set at a low temperature. An Army surplus gas mask, garbage bags, duct tape and dishwashing gloves complete the chemical chef's fashion ensemble. Household bleach decontaminates working surfaces. For this photo opportunity, Hatfill left out the secret ingredient -- namely the plague bacteria - that an enterprising terrorist could collect from a prairie-dog habitat in the American Southwest, where it is endemic. Hatfill "weaponizes" the batch by pouring it into a hiker's water bag attached to a homemade sprayer. In one scenario, a terrorist in a wheelchair, highly inoculated with antibiotics, could conceal the device under a tracksuit and wheel through a crowded area, spraying as he or she went.”

In the same issue of Insight, (31) Hatfill commented on two mysterious 1997 incidents that shut down Baltimore, Maryland, and Washington, D.C., airports, respectively, due to unidentified gases that made some waiting passengers ill. Hundreds of travelers were ordered to leave one of the busiest sections of Washington National Airport while authorities searched for the source of fumes that sent four people to the hospital and left more than a dozen with respiratory problems.

Firefighters searched for the source of the fumes as the six-gate north pier of the terminal was shut down for three hours and dozens of take-offs were canceled on December 11, 1997. Witnesses described the irritation as a pepper spray, although authorities could not confirm or deny the origin. Firefighters found no evidence of a pepper-spray can. Investigators believe it may be even more difficult to determine the identity of the perpetrators of a biological or chemical attack.

Tara Hamilton, spokeswoman for the Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority, says the public was not told about the source of the fumes because security officials didn't want to create a panic. She characterized the incidents as rare and not life threatening.

“Dr. Steven J. Hatfill, a specialist in bioterrorism management at the National Institutes of Health, says these types of incidents could be a form of testing for a possible future terrorist attack -- perhaps next time using anthrax. It could be a simple procedure of slipping a chemical into a paint sprayer powered by an air compressor, which could be triggered by a timing device, he says. Or if an agent is inserted into the heating and air-conditioning ducts, fans could distribute the toxins throughout an enclosed building. The airport scenario could become real.

In August 1998 Hatfill finished his novel Emergence, and has it copywritten. The 198-page unfinished novel is still on file at the U.S. Copyright Office. Emergence was co-authored by Roger Akers, a friend of Hatfill's who claimed that he proofread it for Hatfill and, with his permission, copyrighted it in both of their names. Akers' firm produced the Bioreactors Hatfill used to make the anthrax.

Emergence draws on Hatfill’s experiences in South Africa and Antarctica to recount a biological warfare attack on the White House and Congress by a Palestinian terrorist. The agent used in the attacks is the bacteria yersinia, which causes bubonic plague. It is first released in the White House through sprayers installed in a wheelchair, sickening the president, and it later spread to members of Congress. It's an attack so deadly that not only do members of Congress and congressional aides become ill, but also hundreds of Washington residents become ill and many die as a result.

Hatfill's novel concerns epidemiologists who are trying to figure out the origin of mysterious illnesses in Antarctica where 10 members of a South African research team die from the strange sickness. "Eight years later, a similar disease infects the members of the U.S. Congressional House and Senate. The nation's leadership is paralyzed and panic ensues as members of the Executive Office begin to show symptoms.”

The novel's hero is Palestinian terrorist Ismail Abu Asifa paid by Iraq to carry out a B/W attack on Washington. Asifa flies in from England planning "to strike terror deep into the heart of the most powerful nation on earth." Once in Washington, Asifa buys supplies for $387 to grow bubonic plague bacteria - "not a high price to strike terror in the government of a country this large." Ismail Abu Asifa infects the White House with the bacteria, using a sprayer hidden inside a wheelchair during a public tour. "[He] wanted a facility small enough so that the people who worked inside could be exposed to a high concentration of airborne bacilli, yet important enough so that this act would hurt the United States. Only in foolish America could this be so easily accomplished." The president is sickened, and within days the illness spreads to top congressional leaders and the White House becomes the "House of Death." Asifa infects himself and gets run over, dying six days later in a hospital.

"For all its wealth and power, the United States ... was actually an incredibly easy target for biological terrorism," Hatfill wrote. But its experts were sufficiently well trained to detect attacks that Hatfill's hero "would probably have only enough time to perform one attack and observe its early effects. It was unlikely with his present resources that he would be able to kill more than a few hundred people at most. Even if only a single person died in the attack, the sensationalistic-seeking news media could be trusted to whip the American public into a state of near total hysteria." At the novel's end, the United States retaliates with a nuclear strike against Iraq.

On May 21, 1998 Hatfill spoke before the Foreign Policy Association. His speech was entitled “Building a 'Biobomb': Terrorist Challenge and U.S. Response.” (32)

On June 16, 1998 Hatfill gave a speech at a symposium at The Terrorism Studies Program at The George Washington University and the Potomac Institute for Policy Studies entitled Emerging Threats of Biological Terrorism: Recent Developments.

“We've heard the threat today from Dr. Alibek, Dr. Patrick, and Dr. Huggins for biological threats of biological terrorism. We've heard conventional countermeasures. We've heard of a number of programs of advanced countermeasures. It now becomes necessary to discuss worst-case scenarios and that concerns ways of management, or possible ways of management, of large areas covered by biological agent. I've been working with Brigadier General Third Army Medical Command in the United States Army Reserve to try to develop a system for flexible and rapid transportation of mass casualties from a contaminated area to a rear area while maintaining life support and critical care functions for the casualties.

“When we're dealing with a large area of coverage event, this can be exceedingly complex. A single area of a city may be affected or multiple areas of the city at the same time or closely thereafter, and terrorists may be involved with both chemical weapon release as well as with the biological agent. One of the most dramatic open source experiments that have been described for a large area of coverage occurred on September 21, 1950, where a naval vessel did an open air simulation test releasing spores of the same size and weight as anthrax, but nonpathogenic to humans, over the city of San Francisco. This was conducted off a naval vessel two miles offshore and the results are illustrated in this diagram. Had this occurred with actual anthrax, there's a possibility that several hundred thousand people could have contracted a fatal pulmonary infection.

“These types of dispersal scenarios in the most part are covert. There's no indication that a biological agent release has occurred until the incubation period for the particular disease has expired. This is a typical case history. An emergency department, normal operations and patients begin to appear. The terrorist event has occurred the week before. The incubation period for the agent is now open and these previously healthy individuals start coming in requiring rapid intensive care including mechanical life support, mechanical ventilation.

“The situation of a large area of release in many ways would resemble a modern battlefield, disrupted lines of communication, poor coordination. Any changes that were apparent in peacetime would tend to be amplified during their affect during the natural biological agent pattern. Consequently it is illustrative to look at how massive casualties have been handled on the battlefield before. In the 1850s, we saw the first large-scale systematic development of ways of transporting casualties from a high concentration on the battlefield to a low concentration in rural areas. This was during the Crimean War. The British Army instituted an eight-mile railway line during this conflict. This was also the time when the Florence Nightingale nurses came into effect in the first early field ambulances. This concept became so effective that by the early 1900s during the Boer War in South Africa, the British army had prepositioned a number of specialized hospital trains all along the areas of fighting. Each of these passenger cars has been converted to handle up to 25 stretcher cases, and these were prepositioned along different areas of the conflict.

“Patients were brought to these trains and taken to various treatment centers. The concept was further developed and by the onset of World War I, was in a highly effective manner. Patients could be taken directly from the trenches in the battlefields moved by an organized ambulance system, and deposited in what had now become hospital trains. Some of these cars contain surgery units or supporting care to stop bleeding, regain respiration, and resuscitate the patient. There were also provisions for walking cases and for other casualties. The system was so effective that during the four days of the battle of the Somme, there were 13,392 cases that were transported from the front-line battlefields to rural hospital areas in France.

“Special frames were developed to cushion the patients as they rode on the trains. This is one of the first hospital trains in operation. By World War II, a number of trains were in operation both on the battlefront and for cities, because of advances in air power, cities now became a target, specifically London. Hospital trains were used to evacuate thousands of casualties from London hospitals to outlying areas, in addition to receiving casualties from across the channel and redistributing it within the country.

“This is an interior of one of these trains. It's a three-tiered system to provide adequate access to the patients for their transportation. This was even continued up until the 1950s with the British Army of the Rhine. This was the advent of federal medical transportation medication; the hospital trains went into disuse. At this time there's only one in use in England that is used by a reserve army medical unit. With a biological attack, these patients are going to require even more intensive care than trauma management. This is a slide of inhalational anthrax. We only have a few hours once predominantly respiratory symptoms develop. The patient needs to be intubated; they need to be mechanically ventilated. Their blood pressure needs to be supported with medications.

“Some coetaneous cases may appear. This is coetaneous anthrax, the vegetative bacteria multiplying in the blood stream and the tissues release a number of toxins, with a massive edema, malignant edema. Over 50 percent of those exposed to the agent plume end up with inhalation anthrax. Over 50 percent of the inhalation anthrax develop cases associated with hemorrhagic meningitis. This is the membrane covering the brain. A great deal of these patients will be brought in as casualties probably all having epileptic fits. Surrounding area and surface contamination is possible as well as intestinal cases may appear. This is hemorrhagic infection of the lymph nodes and intestines and a small destruction section of the bowel through disruption of his blood supply.

“Until recently, the medical trains would not have been sufficient for the mass evacuation of casualties from a high concentration attack area to rear definitive area treatments. Recently, Northrop Grumman has come out with a specialized stretcher. This is called LSTT stretcher. It stands for Life Support and Trauma Transport. Essentially, this is a self-contained unit with a giant ventilator I.V. fluid infusion pump and with full monitoring capability. Patients put on the stretcher can be intubated, stabilized, and transferred. The second concept that's become important is that of intermodal transportation. This is the use of containers of goods or contents by a variety of different methods.

“This can be by land, air, and sea in standardized containers. There's a whole subsection of the container transport industry, and they will make containers how you want. If you want a bathroom in it, they'll put a bathroom in it. If you want it a certain size, they'll construct it a certain size, economically and standardized. There are some methods for unaccompanied freight, and at the bottom slide you can actually have these on lorries, semi-trailer trucks, that are driven on and then off again. By combining the systems, it becomes possible to design a disaster car, a disaster evacuation train. The train would look something like this. Head cars are the ones that stay with the containers. They transport the rest of the train. This is a locomotive, a container for medical personnel. Bulk stores, which could feature antibiotic stores or injectors with deployable vaccination stations. And a staff and manned control communications and intelligence sections.

“The staff car could act as the nucleus of a command center to coordinate effectively with first responders. For a proper coordinated response, it's envisioned that the first responders, the fire, police, and ambulances need to be connected with military resources, with government and state resources, and with satellite. Currently, a piece of technology called the alert system has been developed by the Texas Department of Transportation. Essentially, this is a laptop computer built into the trunk of a patrol car. It's digital and operating on the mobile system. Already digital images have been transmitted from a patrol car in Florida to a patrol car in Alexandria. This allows some interoperatability between all first response vehicles. By linking into the Internet, a commonality can be provided. A previous mass casualty or possible mass casualty incident such as the World Trade Center or Oklahoma City bombing shows that the cellular system tends to go down right after an accident. Everybody's trying to log on and use it, and the system collapses. The train would carry a useful piece of technology with it.

“Manufactured by Celltel, this is a mobile system. Unless you have a chip for your cell phone, you cannot talk. This entire system provides a satellite link to other federal responders in transit to the site as well as coordinating local first responders. This will cover about a 60-mile radius. Maps of each area can be used so all response forces are clearly in contact with each other. You can play road status, you can put meteorological and weather information on these maps and GPS coordinates are part of the alert system.

“Defense Special Weapons Agency has an enormous amount of experience modeling downwind areas. They have computer programs that can model fairly quickly possible downwind affected areas. The second section of the train would be the intensive care patient cars. The intensive care ward coaches would be specially built containers with a shock absorbing system able to handle the LSTT stretchers. It can be mounted on lorries or it can be driven on and off with a semi attached tractor-trailer. Patients would be brought from out of the WMD site on the LSTT stretchers.

They would then be loaded into these special containers. A center monitoring station, this has already been designed, and one doctor and five or six orderlies could effectively monitor 40 or 50 patients. These things can be driven off or taken straight to the facility. The last portion of the disaster train would consist of cutout cars. These would be left on-site. It features a security element, another command control, communications information element, ambulance trucks with the LSTT stretchers already loaded that can drive into the site and bring the patients back to the side of the train and a deployable field hospital. The inside of these hospital cars can be made to different sizes. Along with this comes a mortuary embalming station. This was originally developed by Arms Corps in South Africa, with the concept that patients are embalmed onsite. This negates mass burials or graves. The remains are preserved. It can handle 800 bodies an hour. The bodies are embalmed, put into body bags, and stored at room temperature for later burial when the incident is over. The system would work like this: If these trains are placed -- and we'll estimate you'll need somewhere around 27 trains to cover the United States -- but if all other traffic is cleared off of the rails, you'll be no more than four to six hours rail travel to a major metropolitan area. Notification. We are estimating this will be the Reserves or the National Guard handling these trains.

“The train would travel to the disaster site to a predetermined spot. It will be loaded. Ambulances and a helipad will be set up back on the train, and an on-site army field site hospital would be deployed. The patients would be brought out on the LSTT stretchers and then loaded onto the train. From there, the train would leave full. This is an artist's conception of such an incident. This deploying field hospital is covered with a charcoal and peroxide blanket. Patients are brought out of the area by air or by ambulances on the train on the LSTT stretchers. These can be at a positive pressure or negative pressure. We show the assistants here in Level A gear because a chemical attack could have occurred at the same time, and the patient is loaded onto the containers and we distribute it out of the incident site. The disaster train concept could provide a number of things. The ability to rapidly transport large quantities of antibiotics, vaccines, personnel and protective equipment to a WMD site within a matter of hours, the ability to rapidly transform sitting stretcher and critical care patients on life support from congested nonfunctional hospital areas to health care facilities outside of the target area. And this response capability would be independent of normal road transportation. Some scenarios suggest that with a large area of coverage, one third of the population may attempt to flee the city. This could mean both sides of the beltway congested. Bringing these medical facilities in by train avoids this traffic jam. The country could be at war at the same time. There could be limited air assets. It provides, above all, a starting point to coordinate other federal response forces. Thank you very much.”

Hatfill’s Special Volunteer status was renewed for September 1998 to September 1999. His employer was only identified as the Department of Defense. Same salary, but 10 hrs/was noted. On January 20, 1999 National Institute of Child Health and Human Development lab head Leonid Margolis changed termination to December 31, 1998. Hatfill said he was immunized against anthrax at this time.

In January 1999 Hatfill was granted a SECRET Clearance by the Department of Defense and he left the Army to work at the McLean, Virginia offices of Science Applications International, a large defense contractor, headed by Admiral Bobby Inman, a high ranking member of America’s intelligence community, where Hatfill trained U.S. Special Forces, embassy employees, emergency workers, and other government officials to respond to biological attacks. Glasberg claimed that at Science Applications International, “he got low-level security clearance for one project.” Hatfill briefed officials at the CIA, FBI and the Pentagon about bioterrorism. Hatfill continued to have access to the Fort Detrick lab; the Army's chemical weapons defense testing facility in Edgewood, Maryland; Dugway Proving Grounds in Utah; and other government labs and military facilities depending on his assignments. The strain in the post September 11th anthrax letters, the Ames strain, was identical to the anthrax stocks at the U.S. Army Medical Research Institute for Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID) at Fort Detrick, Maryland; Dugway Proving Ground, Utah, and Louisiana State University. Since America has officially agreed to destroy its stockpile of bioweapons, the Ames strain is used now in the US biodefense program for testing vaccines.

Hatfill commissioned a 28-page report dated February 1999 study depicting a hypothetical anthrax attack by mail while he was at Science Applications International. The study was written by bioterrorism expert William C. Patrick III and described placing 2.5 grams of Bacillus globigii, a simulated form of anthrax, in a standard business envelope. Patrick predicted that an envelope mailed by a jihadist would hold 2.5 grams of anthrax, an amount strikingly close to 2 grams mailed to Daschle. (33) Less than a gram of spores was recovered from the Leahy letter but Hatfill hat perfected his art and it was far more concentrated. Patrick’s study described placing 2.5 grams of Bacillus globigii in a standard business envelope. In August 2002 Hatfill’s attorney, Victor Glasberg, said Patrick used 2.5 grams because that was the amount of talc he poured into an envelope, as a test, to see how much could pass unobtrusively through the mails.

William C. Patrick invented the optimal U.S. weaponization process for anthrax and holds five secret patents on the process. There is no evidence that any other country possesses the formula. This was the period during which Hatfill offered his services to the Iraqis. His contact with William Patrick III, a top-level manager in the U.S. offensive biological warfare program until it was canceled in 1969 by presidential order, and the foremost expert on the weaponization of anthrax, made him a valuable asset to the enemies of the United States. Hatfill’s knowledge of the Ebola virus was also valuable to Iraq. Adnan Ihsan Saeed al-Haideri, an engineer specializing in constructing dust-free "clean rooms" needed for certain types of laboratory work defected after Iraqi authorities arrested him last January on what he called false fraud charges and imprisoned him in Hakamiya, where political prisoners are held. He bribed his way out of jail in the summer and fled Iraq with the help of the Iraqi National Congress. Al-Haideri revealed Iraq has constructed underground test chambers and a viral strain code-named 'Blue Nile,' a variation of the Ebola virus a usually fatal hemorrhagic disease. The Iraqi National Congress officials said they have been unable to learn whether the lab had produced viruses in a weaponized form. (34)

Iraq's bioweapons labs were first discovered in 1995 -- four years after the start of inspections when Hussein Kamal, Saddam Hussein's son-in-law who had risen to the rank of general and had headed Iraq's organization for military industrialization, defected to Jordan.

Hussein Kamal had collaborated with Canadian-born rocket and ballistics expert Gerard Bull on a super gun that could fire missile capable of reaching Israel. In 1961 Bull obtained a $10 million joint contract from the US and Canadian Defense Departments for a High Altitude Research Program (HARP). This was to prove the feasibility of using large guns for launch of scientific and military payloads on sub-orbital and orbital trajectories. Bull managed to retain title to the assets of HARP, and became a consultant to artillery manufacturers and users. This included work with South Africa, supported by the American CIA. This landed him in jail in 1980 for illegal arms dealing. On March 22, 1990, Gerald Bull was assassinated with five silenced 7.65-mm shots to the back of his head as he entered his apartment in Brussels, Belgium. No money was stolen and his apartment was undisturbed.

At the end of August, on Kamal's chicken farm, Iraqi officials handed Unscom huge piles of documents on Iraq’s B/W program, which, as they said, they had discovered on "the traitor Kamal's" premises, who was pursuing this course without their knowledge. when Hussein Kamal returned to Iraq under promise of amnesty he and his family were murdered in Baghdad.

In February 1999 the main post office in Columbus, Georgia, received a hoax letter telling employees that they had been exposed to anthrax; meanwhile, in Washington, D.C., authorities had to respond to packages allegedly containing anthrax that had been sent to the Washington Post building and the Old Executive Office Building, where Hatfill had given a briefing three months earlier. Five days later, the State Department received an anthrax hoax letter. Hatfill was demonstrating the vulnerability of the “Zionist Occupational Government” to the Iraqis. Hatfill attorney Victor Glasberg said that in 1999 a series of hoax letters claiming to contain anthrax were mailed across the country. Hatfill realized that fire and police departments didn’t know how to respond. Glasberg said Hatfill became lead instructor for a course in national preparedness for weapons of mass destruction, developed a biological warfare curriculum for the State Department and helped the Air Force design a biological weapons defense program.

On April 28, 2000, an anthrax threat forced more than 30 students and staff at the University of Pennsylvania chapter of the Jewish student organization Hillel to evacuate the campus building.

A computer-typed letter announcing the threat and containing an unknown substance was postmarked "April 19, 2000 Philadelphia" and addressed to "Hillel University of Pennsylvania." It had no return address, said Hillel director Jeremy Brochin, who opened the "lumpy" envelope. "Some powder got all over me, and all over my office," said Brochin, who spent more than two hours in quarantine. Initially, he said, "I thought it was a hoax and ignored it for a few minutes." The letter, which began "Dear kikes," called Jews "a number of derogatory names," said Brochin, adding that it made a reference to a 24-hour Holocaust vigil the Hillel had hosted the previous week and contained anti-Zionist diatribes.

But after reading the letter, which claimed the powder contained anthrax bacteria, Brochin notified the campus police, who, in turn, called city officials. Beginning at 9 a.m., the Hillel was evacuated in stages. The facility reopened around 11:30 a.m. after health officials declared the powder to be benign. The FBI intervened because this was "the third in a similar series of threats to Jewish institutions in the last three months."

Hatfill could make himself even more valuable to the Iraqis if he became a bioweapons inspector. In October 2000 Steven Hatfill completed a one-month training session with the United Nations Bioweapons inspections program and was certified as a bioweapons inspector. Although the U.S. government nominated most of the Americans serving with the U.N. Monitoring, Verification and Inspection Commission, (UNMOVIC) (35) Hatfill was one of the very few that applied to UNMOVIC independently. Hatfill told his college alumni magazine that he was training to become a United Nations UNMOVIC bioweapons inspector in Iraq if the regime agreed. (36) In addition, he completed studies with both the United States Army Medical Research Institute for Infectious Diseases in management of biological warfare casualties and with the CIA on bioweapons proliferation. (37)

Weapons inspectors were likely candidates to be double agents. But had Hatfill filled this position he would have been a triple agent and would have deliberately ignored any biological weapons production he came across in Iraq. Instead he would have reported back to Saadam on the progress or lack of it that was being made by the weapons inspectors. In August 2000 the Iraqi government invited the chief U.N. weapons inspector to Baghdad for discussion, hinting that inspections could be renewed after nearly four years. Two years ago - in part to meet Iraq's objections to the composition of UNSCOM, which it saw as an American spy operation - the Security Council created a new inspection team. The team, UNMOVIC, is fully under the jurisdiction of the United Nations and is not reliant on national governments to supply experts.

Rihab Taha, the head of the Iraqi B/W program, accused the U.S. nationals on the inspection team of being C.I.A. spies. Former UNSCOM inspector Terry Taylor recalled: During each inspection I had a team of Iraqis following my every move - I was photographed, videotaped, sometimes almost having the video pushed in my face. That was not only to record everything, but also to destabilize me. I had papers snatched from my hands and I was pushed and shoved. But I tried to be polite and respectful at all times, I tried never to lose my temper.

Many accidents were arranged for the inspectors and the Iraqis reported: On May 6, 1996 a driver traveling in a car belonging to the Special Commission accompanied by three persons crossed Kirkuk - Sulaimaniyah check-out point at a high speed. He tried to hit one of the persons. When he was caught in the next point he claimed that he should not be stopped being a member of the inspection teams. On May 11, 1997 John Philips, a member of the Special Commission, was involved in a car accident with another vehicle carrying a number of passengers. He caused a massive damage. He did not show any respect to the country’s laws. On April 18, 1998 Christopher Wilsom had a car accident. He caused a great damage to the gate of a site in Baghdad (State Company for Vegetable Ghee). Investigations showed that the driver traveling in the car (UNSCOM-121) was driving fast and drunk. On May 8, 1998 a vehicle belonging to the Special Commission had a car accident in which a number of citizens traveling in another car were injured. The reason of the accident was the high speed. On July 20,1998 a vehicle belonging to the Special Commission had a car accident. It caused a big damage to an Iraqi citizen’s car. The reason was the inconsiderate driving. On October 10, 1998, Andrew Thomas, the head of the air surveillance, had a car accident. He caused a big material damage to an Iraqi citizen’s car. The reason was that he was drunk.”

The secularist regime in Iraq now had access to weapons of mass destruction that were already within America’s borders. The use of an Iraqi agent to disburse them would be risky. Contact was made with the Islamists, who, although they considered Saddam apostate, still favored him over the United States.

Osama Bin Laden: “As for their accusations of terrorizing the innocent, the children, and the women, these are in the category "accusing others with their own affliction in order to fool the masses". The evidence overwhelmingly shows America and Israel killing the weaker men, women, and children in the Muslim world and elsewhere. A few examples of this are seen in the recent Qana massacre in Lebanon, and the death of more than six hundred thousands Iraqi children because of the shortage of food and medicine which resulted from the boycotts and sanctions against the Muslim Iraqi people…Then, killing hundreds of thousands of children in Iraq, and whose numbers (of dead) continue to increase as a result of the sanctions.”

Bin Laden operative Mohammed Atta, who had entered the United States on a temporary visas but lived in the United States for nearly a year and a half, spent about three weeks abroad. (38) In May 2000 Atta obtained a visa for the Czech Republic. Mohammed Atta's first meeting with Saddam's station chief in Prague took place on June 2, 2000. Atta arrived from Germany by bus. He met with Ahmed Khalil Ibrahim Samir al-Ani, chief of consular affairs at the Iraqi Embassy and Saddam's spy chief in the Czech Republic. Iraq had good relations with Czechoslovakia's Communist rulers and procured weapons and military technology from them. Mr. Ahmed al-Ani was a high-ranking case officer. (39) According to a BBC report Czech counterintelligence photographed Atta and al-Ani on the day Atta flew to the United States. (40) The Islamist movement did not inform the Iraqis about the September 11th Operation. The Iraqi Embassy was probably penetrated and bugged. Like all successful intelligence operations September 11th was carried out on a need-to-know basis. The Iraqis did, however, know that the Islamist were up to someone in the United States and offered Atta access to weaponized anthrax that could be produced within the United States.

Shortly after Atta entered the U.S. he visited Johnell Bryant, a loan officer at a U.S. Department of Agriculture office in south Florida, in June 2000. He told this woman he had just arrived from Afghanistan and hoped to get his pilot's license and buy a plane to use for charter flights and for crop-dusting. She told no one of this visit until years later, when she confessed to the FBI and the news media, of her stupidity:

“It wasn't actually a crop-duster in itself that he was wanting to finance. He wanted to finance a twin-engine, six-passenger aircraft that he could use for charter flights and remove the seats. And he said he was an engineer, and he wanted to build a chemical tank that would fit inside the aircraft, and take up every available square inch of the aircraft, except for where the pilot would be sitting. And run the spray nozzles along the wingspan. And use it as both a crop-duster plane, and as a charter plane by building a special made chemical tank to put into the aircraft to hold the chemicals for crop-dusting, and yet remove that when he, when he needed to, and replace the seats for, in, for charter type, plane. He mentioned that he could get a larger tank in a twin-engine plane than what he could, than the chemical capacity of a regular crop-duster plane, which he said that he could use it, to stay up in the air longer while he's spraying sugar cane, out in the Broward County area.” (41)

Bryant wasn’t the sharpest pencil in the drawer. When Bryant Ross asked her: “And, when did you first meet someone who you say is Mohamed Atta?” she responded: “I met him somewhere between the end of April, around the third week of April to the third week of May of 2000.” Atta's first entry into the United States was June 3, 2000, Newark, New Jersey.

Then Atta tried the Community Bank of Florida with no success. He did his best to kill more infidels than the 3,000 who died in the flaming infernos of hell at the Trade Center and Pentagon.

Dr. Richard Spertzel, former head of biological inspections in Iraq, confirmed that Iraq tested crop dusters to spread anthrax before the Gulf war but had trouble getting them to work. In particular, there was a problem with nozzle design. The Iraqis possessed several hundred modern Italian-made pesticide dispersal systems that were fitted with sprayer nozzles capable of generating aerosols of the 1-µm to 5-µm size optimal for biological warfare. Some sprayers and appropriate holding tanks were installed on aircraft and land vehicles. In 1990, the Iraqis modified a MIG-21 fighter plane to be a remotely piloted vehicle and equipped it with a 2200-L belly tank (taken from a Mirage-F1 fighter plane) and a spray mechanism. In a field test carried out in January 1991, the remotely piloted vehicle sprayed a solution laden with a biological simulant over a practice target range. The results of this test are not known. (42)

Clearly, the September 11th team had been instructed to obtain a crop duster. Without a crop duster the only alternative was to steal an air tanker, a retardant airplane that is used for fighting forest fires. The implication of this attempt to procure a crop duster is that the jihadists had the ability to produce biological agents within the United States. Any attempt to spontaneously obtain such material might have aroused suspicion and endangered the September 11th Operation.

The Czech Interior Minister initially stated that Atta had another meeting with Mr. al-Ani in April 8, 2001. Atta flew in directly from Florida, and again discussed the logistics of obtaining Iraqi biological or chemical agents within the United States and returned to Florida the next day. (43) The F.B.I. has car-rental and other records that Atta left for Prague on April 8, 2001, and returned on April 11. The Czech report of the meeting that Saddam's case officer had with Atta fell precisely within those dates. Czech intelligence, in identifying al-Ani's contact as Atta, had no knowledge of the F.B.I.'s evidence that independently corroborates Atta's brief presence in Prague. (44) Interior Minister Stanislav Gross issued a statement that "B.I.S. (Czech Intelligence) guarantees the information, so we stick by that information." No backing away; on the contrary, strong reaffirmation.” Tariq Aziz, Iraq's deputy prime minister, denied these meetings took place. "This is not only baseless. It is also ridiculous. I checked with the diplomat when I read the allegations against him and I can say categorically that they are false. I know these reports are being published in the American and British press all the time, but they are not true."

Soon after his last meeting with Atta, the Czechs expelled al-Ani. They suspected him of planning an attack on the Headquarters of Radio Free Europe (RFE) in Prague that was beaming hostile broadcasts to Iraq at the time. Czech intelligence officers spotted al-Ani in the vicinity of the RFE-building while he was taking pictures of it. Al-Ani used to intimidate Iraqi dissidents and had a habit of providing Muslim extremists with cash and forged travel documents. (45)

In June 2001 real estate agent Gloria Irish helped to rent an apartment at the Delray Racket Club to Marwan Al-Shehhi and Saeed Alghamdi. Her husband, Michael Irish, was editor of the tabloid The Sun published by American Media, a target of the anthrax biojihad. An FBI spokeswoman said this was a coincidence. September 11th operative Ahmed Ibrahim A. Al Haznawi and other September 11th operatives moved in with Marwan Al-Shehhi and Saeed Alghamdi. They all attended flight school near the Boca Raton headquarters of American Media Inc. Mohamed Atta and another operative subscribed to the Sun. (46)

June 2001: Hatfill applied for a Top Secret/Sensitive Compartmentalized Information (TS/SCI) security clearance, in order to bid for a top-secret contract with the CIA. Hatfill had offered to spy on the Iraqis for the Agency should he be sent to Iraq and need this clearance because of the "sources & methods" intelligence involved. To qualify for this clearance, he was reportedly required to take a polygraph test.

Jihadist Ahmed Ibrahim A. Al-Haznawi had entered the United States on June 8, 2001. On June 25, 2001 Al Haznawi went to Holy Cross Hospital in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, accompanied by September 11th operative Ziad Samir Jarrah, and was examined by Dr. Christos Tsonas. Al Haznawi told him he had sustained the injury bumping into a suitcase two months earlier. Dr. Tsonas treated the lesion with Keflex, an antibiotic. Keflex is ineffective against coetaneous anthrax, but the illness is only 10 percent to 20 percent lethal if it remains untreated, meaning Al Haznawi likely would have survived without treatment. The FBI found the Keflex among Alhaznawi’s possessions and they questioned Dr. Tsonas who reviewed the case and arrived at a new diagnosis. The lesion, he determined, "was consistent with coetaneous anthrax." The FBI never released this information despite the fact that Johns Hopkins Center for Civilian Biodefense Strategies agreed with Tsonas diagnosis. Tsonas went to the press with his story. Al Haznawi had been linked with the target of one of the attacks and with the warfare agent itself, however, the question arises, “Why did he get the anthrax on his leg rather than his arm or his hands?”

A confirmation of coetaneous anthrax is difficult for a variety of technical reasons. For example, a New Jersey cardiologist thought he had coetaneous anthrax prior to 9/11. It was an interesting case because he lived and worked right in the hot zone defined by the return address of the D.C. mailings. His office was in Kendall Park, the location of Greenbrooke Elementary and he had another office in South Brunswick, next door to Monmouth Junction, the zip code used in the return address. He saw patients at JFK Hospital that is near Franklin Park, the city used in the return address. The FBI was involved took his patient list, however, it was almost impossible to get the New Jersey Department of Heath to test the blood sample. Eventually they did, but the test was not very good and it came back negative, but no one involved was sure of what it meant. An infectious disease doctor did look at it and thought it was worth checking. I know of other cases, but confirming coetaneous anthrax is very difficult, especially after the fact.

Coetaneous is especially unbelievable for Florida. The anthrax mailings produced a batch specific disease. No one in Florida got coetaneous - two cases of inhalational were reported. Everyone who came in contact with the September 18th mailing had cetaceous (Hamilton postal workers or NYC media mailroom people). In the D.C. mailing everyone got inhalational, even if by minute amounts due to cross contamination. (47)

A crop duster manual was found in the possession of Zacarias Moussouai. The original indictment handed down in December 2001 said that among possessions seized from Moussaoui was a computer disk containing information related to the aerial application of pesticides. The indictment read: “On or about June 2001, in Norman, Oklahoma, Zacarias Moussaoui made inquiries about starting a crop dusting company. (48) His inquiries about hiring a crop duster plane were seen as evidence of a plot to spread chemical, biological or radioactive material in an American city. (49) On June 23, 2002 the “Justice” Department altered the indictment, dropping indications that he was implicated in planning attacks with crop-dusting planes. There was no official explanation for the change. (50)

There were other indications of an impending biojihad: Federal witness, Essam al Ridi, testified at U.S. trial of the four Islamist operatives accused in the 1998 U.S. embassy bombings in Kenya and Tanzania that Osama bin Laden wanted to buy a crop-dusting business.

In August 2001, Mohammad Atta began to make repeated trips to rural airports, trying to learn everything he could about crop dusters and said he was interested in starting a crop dusting business. .D. "Will" Lee, 62, general manager of South Florida Crop Care in Belle Glade, said that groups of two or three Middle Eastern men came by almost every weekend for six or eight weeks before the terrorist attacks, including the weekend just before the assaults.

Lee said a co-worker, James Lester, positively identified one of the hijacking suspects, Atta. Atta was a persistent questioner.

In August 2001 scientists at U.S. Army Medical Research Institute for Infectious Diseases saw Hatfill taking some old biosafety cabinets from a hallway, throwing them in the back of his car, and driving off. The cabinets could have enabled a knowledgeable user to cultivate deadly germs off-site. American scientists determined though carbon dating that the anthrax was fresh, having been made at the latest, two years ago. (51) One scientist reported the incident to the FBI. But a spokeswoman for the U.S. Special Forces claimed Hatfill was authorized to take the cabinets as props for a then-classified training session, in which he was to show Special Forces how to recognize a makeshift germ lab. The cabinets were destroyed after two demonstrations, the spokeswoman said.

As result of the TS/SCI background investigation on August 23, 2001 Hatfill was denied his TS/SCI clearance and lost his government-issued SECRET security clearance as well. Hatfill failed a CIA-administered polygraph test over questions surrounding the Sealous Scouts. Hatfill had an opportunity to work on a huge CIA-sponsored project for Science Applications International and had to "upgrade" his low-level government security clearance for the job. He said failed because of how he responded to the 1977 death of Dr. Glen Eschtruth. The people conducting the polygraph were amateurs, Hatfill complained; they couldn't understand what people like him had to do in Rhodesia. The military official recalled Hatfill as saying that Communists in Rhodesia had killed his father-in-law, and that he had consequently undertaken some actions that caused concern when he was given his polygraph test. The matters on which he showed deception were unrelated to anthrax.

Hatfill failed two other lie detector tests following this one. Hatfill claimed: “Last fall, two investigators from the FBI came by my office. The interview was cordial and short, and the agents explained that polygraphs were being conducted on a wide range of scientists in connection with the anthrax letters. They asked if I would consent to a polygraph concerning this incident, and I immediately agreed. The short interview was over. Later, I went down to the Washington field office and an onsite polygraph was administered. After reviewing the polygraph charts in private, the polygraph examiner told me that I had passed and that he believed I had nothing to do with the anthrax letters.”

Nicholas Kristoff reported that in the Summer of 2001, when guests entered a farmhouse Hatfill had access to, registered under the name of a friend, Hatfill, who had been immunized against anthrax, (Hatfill claimed this was in December 1998 and his immunity had worn off although it is unclear just how long the anthrax vaccine is effective) gave them Cipro. Hatfill waived his physician-patient privilege so investigators could ask his doctor about Hatfill’s prescriptions for Cipro. The doctor explained that Hatfill had an infection. (52)

Pat Clawson, a broadcasting executive and former CNN reporter who has known Hatfill socially for six years, said he and Hatfill visited a house in the Virginia mountains near Shenandoah National Park owned by George R. Borsari Jr. in October 2001. Clawson told Hatfill that a few weeks earlier he had opened a letter addressed to Oliver North, whose radio program is produced by Clawson's employer, Radio America. White powder had spilled from the envelope, which Clawson discarded. Clawson said he asked Hatfill whether he should get on Cipro. Hatfill told him that the tetracycline Clawson was taking for an infection should suffice. It was doubtful that Clawson was Kristoff’s source.

In October, a pharmacist in Delray Beach, just north of Fort Lauderdale, told the FBI that in late August 2001 September 11th organizer Mohamed Atta, bought medication for his hands, both of which were red from the wrist down. Pharmacist Gregg Chatterton of Huber Drugs, 331 E. Atlantic Avenue said he told FBI agents that Atta wanted something to treat skin irritations on his hands, which appeared to have been washed in bleach. Bleach can be used for decontamination after exposure to anthrax. Chatterton figured his customer had been around some chemicals that were basic rather than acidic, so he sold him a 1-ounce tube of a medicine called "acid mantle" for $5.49. Chatterton said he also sold Atta's friend, Marwan Al-Shehhi, a bottle of Robitussin for a nasty chest cold and directed him to a nearby walk-in clinic. Hatfill was in Florida for two weeks sometime in August. Hatfill's parents also have a condo on the Florida Panhandle.

Clearly, at least one of the September 11th jihadists had come into contact with anthrax. These men had handled one of the deadliest substances and of course, it was Allah that kept them alive! Atta had been given a significant amount of dried spores. They correctly estimated that they had several hundred million lethal doses. Even at only 1% efficiency they could kill 2 million Americans if they could disperse it efficiently.

On September 8, 2001 an anthrax hoax letter was mailed to an ordinary citizen in Kenya. The Health Minister of Kenya, Mr. Ongeri said the letter had been posted in the U.S. city of Atlanta and routed via Miami and received in Nairobi on October 9, 2001 and opened on October 11, 2001. (53) The Center for Disease Control in Atlanta the substance and it was negative for anthrax. The CDC did not test to determine what the substances actually were. (54) The Kenya government insisted that tests by the Kenya Medical Research Institute (Kemri) that showed the presence of anthrax spores "were 100 per cent correct". The parcel was one of 43 examined by Kemri, but the only one to test positive. The letter in question was sent to Dr. Samuel Mwinzi of Nairobi Hospital by his daughter, and was postmarked Atlanta, Georgia. It contained cloth samples and a polythene envelope in which was white powder. It was in this powder that anthrax spores were found, Professor Ongeri of Kemri said.

When the first anthrax letter surfaced at American Media was a matter of conjecture. Newsweek magazine reported that the first anthrax case surfaced after a weird love letter to Jennifer Lopez arrived at the company about a week before the events of September 11th. (55) A later issue of Newsweek reported that the letter arrived sometime after September 11th. (56) This was more accurate. The letter contained anthrax and a cheap Star of David charm in the middle. So, too, did the anthrax letter to Daschle, contain such a star. Postal traces show that the letter containing anthrax was sent to the National Enquirer at its previous address, and was then forwarded to the AMI office. This indicated that the perpetrator was pretending that he was not familiar with AMI and the National Enquirer, and the area it was located in.

On September 18, 2001 five letters containing anthrax were mailed and were postmarked “Trenton, New Jersey.” The envelopes contained no fingerprints, suggesting the use of gloves; and the stamps were the self-stick kind, removing the possibility of using microscopic traces of saliva on a licked stamp to identify a suspect. The anthrax in these letters contained as many as 1 trillion spores per gram. Estimated conservatively, at 10,000 microscopic spores to a lethal dose, a gram in theory could cause about 100 million deaths. The letter sent to Tom Daschle, D-S.D., the Senate majority leader, is said to have held two grams of anthrax - enough, in other words, to make about 200 million lethal doses, assuming it could be distributed to victims with perfect efficiency. In his report, Patrick said the American program had achieved a concentration of 1 trillion spores per gram - what scientists today say is near the theoretical limit of how many of the microscopic spheres can be packed into a tiny space. Patrick postulated that the concentration of anthrax in a jihadists attack would be 50 billion spores per gram. “This assumes a dried powder of moderate ability to generate into an aerosol when the envelope is opened,” he wrote.

There are 200,000 Moslems living in New Jersey, almost 3% of the population. One of them was an Iraqi agent. Hatfill was smart enough not to have mailed them himself. The sleeper agent did. Of course Hatfill established a strong alibi for his whereabouts when the letters were mailed, should he fall under suspicion. Borrowing investigative techniques used in espionage cases, the FBI compiled a minute-by-minute timeline of Dr. Hatfill's whereabouts on days when the anthrax-tainted letters were mailed.

The text of the anthrax-filled letters read “09-11-01 THIS IS NEXT TAKE PENACILIN NOW DEATH TO AMERICA DEATH TO ISRAEL ALLAH IS GREAT” “YOU CANNOT STOP US WE HAVE THIS ANTHRAX YOU DIE NOW ARE YOU AFRAID DEATH TO AMERICA DEATH TO ISRAEL ALLAH IS GREAT.” This message was composed by Hatfill, who put the word “penacilin” in the letter to make it seem as if came from someone with no medical knowledge. Historically, penicillin has been the treatment of choice for inhalational anthrax, with 2 million units given intravenously every 2 hours. All naturally occurring strains tested to date have been sensitive to ciprofloxacin. The FBI concluded that an English-speaker composed this message.

Professor Foster believes that penicillin the wrong antibiotic to take: "You mean to tell me this guy is dealing with anthrax, a trillion spores a gram, and he thinks penicillin is going to be the antibiotic of choice? There's something very fishy about that misspelling there, that this particular word should be misspelled and it should be misspelled in such an unconvincing way. It looks like an attempt on the offender to say 'Hey, don't think I'm a scientist, don't think I know anything about antibiotics'."

Professor Foster immediately suspected that dating the letters 11 September was a ruse to throw the authorities off. He says: "When an offender gives you some piece of information that's just completely unnecessary and that, in this case, is inaccurate, it becomes immediately suspect. It becomes a statement of 'Here's what I want you to believe about this document.’”

On October 3, 2001, before the public became aware of the anthrax attacks, the FBI questioned Dr. Ayaad Assaad, at its Washington Field Office. Assaad, an Egyptian-born research scientist laid off in 1997 from the Army's biodefense lab at Fort Detrick, Maryland, was handed an anonymous letter describing him as “a potential terrorist,'' with a grudge against the United States and the knowledge to wage biological warfare against his adopted country.

The long, typed letter was sent to the Marine base at Quantico, Virginia, and asserted that the accuser formerly worked with Assaad. With a good command of English language, the author displayed considerable knowledge of Dr. Assaad, his work at USAMRIID and his personal life. The FBI let Assaad go and assured him that they believed the letter was a hoax. FBI spokesman Chris Murray confirmed that Assaad has been cleared of suspicion. Murray also said the FBI was not tracking the source of the anonymous letter, despite its curious timing, coming a matter of days before the existence of anthrax-laced mail became known. Assaad said he believes the letter writer is someone from the Army who knew Assaad well, and might be connected to the anthrax attacks. (57) Hatfill was at Fort Detrick in 1997.

While at Fort Detrick coworkers wrote a crude poem denigrating Arab Americans, passed around an obscene rubber camel and made fun of Assaad's language skills. Fort Detrick’s staff was reduced by 30 percent causing much discontent among its 100 doctoral-level scientists.

On October 9, 2001 two additional anthrax letters were mailed and were postmarked “Trenton, New Jersey.”

There was no way to tell when the recipients of these letters would be diagnosed as suffering from an anthrax infection, and if their condition would be made public. If the biojihadist who mailed these letters were not from New Jersey, why would he return to the scene of his crime three weeks later and risk apprehension, if he had been put under surveillance after the first mailing had been detected?

The Center for Disease Control began investigating cases of bioterrorism-related anthrax beginning October 3, 2001. (58) On October 5, 2001, a 63-year-old Florida man died of pulmonary anthrax, one day after he was diagnosed with the fatal disease. (59) The FBI officially opened its investigation on October 10, 2001. FBI Agents conducted 5,000 interviews, served more than 1,700 grand jury subpoenas, used round-the-clock surveillances, compiled minute-by-minute chronologies of the lives of some subjects, examined their whereabouts when the letters were sent, eavesdropped and conducted searches under the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act. The FBI, however, did not put Hatfill under surveillance and would wait eight months before it conducted a through search of his home and storage facility! The FBI still could not get enough evidence for an indictment.

Hatfill was in London, England, around November 15, 2001 for a business meeting. In mid-November a hoax anthrax letter was sent to Senator Tom Daschle. The letter was postmarked from London. The letter had a stamp affixed and had talc in it rather than anthrax. The substance was in a separate packet, and no powder fell out when the corner of the envelope was cut. The letter said this is anthrax, death to America, and 'stop the bombing'. Hatfill was at Porton Down where he trained as a United Nations bio-weapons inspector so he could be on call to go to Iraq. During the course he worked with other scientists inside a mock-up of an Iraqi germ warfare laboratory. His travel expenses to Britain were paid by the Foreign Office. (60)

A ROSENBERG BETRAYS THE ISLAMISTS SECRET Dr. Hatfill might have gone to Iraq, as a bioweapons inspector, where he would have been extremely useful to the Islamists, but in January 2002 Barbara Hatch Rosenberg, a molecular biologist at the State University of New York derailed his mission. Rosenberg was a founder of the Federation of American Scientists Chemical and Biological Weapons Detection Program in 1989 and is its current Director. She chairs the Federation of American Scientists Working Group on Biological Weapons Verification. Thanks to Rosenberg the FBI believes the person responsible for the anthrax attacks was likely a current or former a microbiologist and bioterrorism expert, perhaps a prominent one. Rosenberg testified that the nature of the anthrax was such that it had to be produced by an experienced professional, and pointed the FBI in the direction of Hatfill who had access to the Ames strain of the anthrax bacillus and the capability to weaponize it. The concentration and purity, the use of a secret chemical milling process, the presence of silica told Rosenberg that it was produced in a laboratory in the United States. (61) Major General John Parker, commander of the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command Center at Fort Detrick, Maryland, confirmed that silica had been found in the mailed anthrax.

Rosenberg’s profile pointed to no-one else but Hatfill and she wrote: “For more than three months now the FBI has known that the perpetrator of the anthrax attacks is American. Does he know something that he believes to be sufficiently damaging to the United States to make him untouchable by the FBI?” The FBI countered by labeling Rosenberg a “conspiracy theorist”.

The biojihadist attack occurred shortly after September 11th. Rosenberg believed that Hatfill did this to throw suspicion on the Islamists. She had no idea of Hatfill’s connection to Iraq.

Hatfill was initially interviewed in January 2002, and then given a lie-detector test. Hatfill said he was told he gave satisfactory answers on the test. Sources said that he failed.

In February 2001, The Baltimore Sun ran a story -- not mentioning Hatfill by name -- about a scientist who was seen taking biosafety cabinets from U.S. Army Medical Research Institute for Infectious Diseases. Hatfill acknowledged that several years ago, with Army permission, he took three biosafety cabinets that were being discarded at Fort Detrick, but he said they were for use in a classified Defense Department project that he could not discuss. Hatfill lied. He took the cabinets much more recently. Then the question arises: “Didn’t Fort Detrick have shipping facilities?” It is true that Hatfill no longer worked there at the time but was at Science Applications International, training personnel, some of whom were in Louisiana, where the cabinets were allegedly transported. Why did Hatfill need the actual cabinets? Wouldn’t photographs have sufficed? Glasberg said that the cabinets, weighing more than 350 pounds, were moved by truck to a training site for a military exercise and then blown up.

FBI agents interviewed Hatfill for two-hours in March 2002. A brief search of his apartment was conducted. In all the F.B.I. interviewed Hatfill four times during this period. In March 2002, because Defense Department failed to re-instate his security clearance Science Applications International dismissed Hatfill. Glasberg said the company has since offered Hatfill settlement payments, which he rejected, and more work, which he accepted. Hatfill: “Ironically, I was called back to SAIC on numerous occasions to assist with projects I started as well as to help with new projects. SAIC eventually had to contract for my continued services through Louisiana State University.”

Hatfill was supposed to lecture at a conference entitled Weapons of Mass Destruction: A Frightening Future for Primary Care Providers in May/June 2002 but the conference was canceled.

In June 2002, Representative Mike Pence, an Indiana Republican, wrote a letter to Attorney General Ashcroft saying he was troubled by the F.B.I.'s "apparent lack of progress" and focus on domestic suspects to the exclusion of foreign sources in the anthrax investigation. "They're leaving no stone unturned on the domestic front, but there are some stones they can't flip overseas." Pence said. The countries aligned with the Islamists would not co-operate with the FBI investigation, Pence was told. (62)

On June 27, 2002, one day after the American Congressman Pence’s complaint appeared in the New York Times, and on the same day that the “weapons of mass destruction” count was dropped in the indictment of Mousaoui, the FBI searched the home of Hatfill outside of Fort Detrick. A dozen FBI agents searched a refrigerated mini-storage unit in downtown Ocala, Florida. These agents removed boxes from a locker rented by Hatfill after his parents sold their horse farm 12 miles west of Ocala three years ago. The items that were removed included videotapes, film and photographs. On Hatfill’s computer hard drive, agents discovered the draft of a novel centered on a bioterror attack, and how the perpetrator covered his tracks. The FBI indicated it found no anthrax and had anthrax spores been found in Dr. Steven J. Hatfill's Frederick apartment, he would be in jail. (63)

“My career is over at this time," Hatfill said. On July 1, 2002 Hatfill started as associate director of Louisiana State University's National Center for Biomedical Research and Training, which is supported by grants from the Justice Department to train emergency personnel to handle bioterrorist attacks. His job title was Associate Director, Division of Continuing Education and his salary was $150,000 a year. He was not working on any secure programs. Stephen L. Guillot Jr., director of the center, said that the FBI contacted him a few days after agents searched Hatfill's apartment and storage unit. “They told me Steve was not a suspect and was not on any list.” Guillot said. He said he was satisfied that Hatfill had been cleared of any role in the anthrax mailings.

Hatfill’s sponsors for this position were all men who were of extreme interest to Iraq. They included Colonel David Franz, who headed the biological-research program at Fort Detrick between 1987 and 1998, before he retired and joined the Chemical and Biological Defense Division of Southern Research Institute as vice president. During over twenty years on active duty, Franz was a group veterinarian for the 10th Special Forces Group before going on to assignments at four of the Medical Research and Development Command’s laboratories. Armed with a DVM from Kansas State University and a PhD in physiology from Baylor College of Medicine, Franz conducted research and published in the area of medical countermeasures to the biological toxins.

Franz was the chief inspector on two United Nations Special Commission on Iraq biological warfare inspection missions to Iraq and was technical advisor on long-term monitoring. Franz said that when the Army wanted to conduct defensive experiment on the Ames strain, it had to obtain it from a British military lab at Porton Downs, specifically from the Center for Applied Microbiology and Research (CAMR) that did experiments with Ames anthrax in the powdered form. The Ames strain had been sent from the U.S. to Britain. Martin Hugh-Jones, a scientist at Louisiana State University who received a sample from CAMR in the 1990s, recalls that it was marked "October, 1932."

Franz stated that "a mass casualty producing event" could happen in five to 10 years although BW terrorism is difficult to carry out and would require a "large well-funded terrorist program or state sponsorship." In this case both elements were present.

Franz and other members of the Biological Warfare Community are reluctant to admit that Hatfill was behind the anthrax attacks, or that he was an agent of Iraq.

Another of Hatfill’s supporters is Dr. Huxsoll is director of the Plum Island Animal Disease Center, a facility operated by the United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Research Service off the tip of Long Island, New York. The center conducts research to protect U.S. animal industries against foreign animal diseases, primarily foot and mouth disease and African swine fever. It is the only laboratory in the country authorized to study certain highly infectious agents. Huxsoll headed the U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases in Maryland from 1983 to 1990. He spent 1990 to 1999 at the School of Veterinary Medicine at Louisiana State University in Baton Rouge, including four years as dean.

David Huxsoll believed that terrorists could have gotten the Ames strain without having had access to American B/W laboratories. The Ames-like strains were isolated in 1929 or 1930 and the strains mutate very slowly, if at all. If a cow died in Ames, Iowa in 2002 the spores from its body would be nearly identical to the Ames strain: "If I were a terrorist, I'd just go where the disease occurs naturally and dig it up. If you have a dead cow, that's a start," says Huxsoll.

Dr. Richard Spertzel, a microbiologist who worked at Fort Detrick and oversaw part of the United Nations effort to destroy Iraq's biological and chemical weapons laboratories, as Head of Biological Weapons Inspections (1994-1998), UNSCOM believes the FBI's profile of the anthrax killer as a deranged loner is incorrect and that the letters were probably the result of terrorism sponsored by a foreign government. SPERTZEL: Well, I only know Dr. Hatfill slightly, but I do know about him, that is, he's basically an Ebola virus expert. And his two years' stint at USAMRIID from '97 to '99 was to work on Ebola virus. That is a - would have -- that work have been conducted in a biosafety level IV infectious suite at USAMRIID.

Peter S. Probst appeared as a reference for Hatfill on his resume. Probst worked for the CIA and the Office of the Secretary of Defense for almost 30 years. He is currently a private consultant and vice president and director of programs for the Institute for the Study of Terrorism and Political Violence and coauthor of Terror-2000: The Future Face of Terrorism. He has participated in meetings with senior Russian government officials in Moscow in conjunction with a National Academy of Sciences symposium on combating bioterrorism. Probst is a member of the Standing Committee on Global Terrorism, Political Instability and International Crime of the American Society of Industrial Security, a member of the Advisory Board of the Investigative Project on Religious Extremism sponsored by the Middle East Forum, and a member of the International Research Group on Terrorism sponsored jointly by the British Airey-Neave Trust and the U.S. Institute for Peace. Hatfill has worked closely with the military and CIA anthrax experts and has frequently shocked his colleagues with his statements and demonstrations of how easily terrorists could make biological weapons.

In the beginning of August 2002 Hatfill was put on thirty-day administrative paid leave from job at LSU. At the beginning of August 2002 the FBI told Hatfill’s attorney, a self-hating Jewish civil liberties lawyer named Victor Glasberg, who, in the past, had defended Klu Klux Klan members, that it wished to conduct another search of Hatfill’s home. Hatfill refused so the agents obtained a search warrant. Glasberg claims that Hatfill refused another lie detector test on his advice, but was willing to co-operate with the FBI.

On August 1, 2002 the FBI let bloodhounds sniff a scent package assembled from the anthrax letters mailed to Senators Daschle and Leahy. The dogs reacted strongly to Hatfill, his apartment, his girlfriend's and former girlfriend's apartment, and to restaurants he had eaten in. The FBI followed him everywhere. The dogs did not respond to other similar stimuli.

To obtain a scent sample investigators use a vacuum device to draw the scent and concentrate it onto a sterile gauze pad. This can then be preserved until needed, moved to a different location, or used to start a dog without contaminating critical evidence. The scent sample can be derived from anything the subject has touched, worn or excreted. It can be a sterile gauze that is left for a few minutes on something like a chair, footprint or bed that the subject has left scent on. The important thing is that no one else has handled, touched, sat, or breathed upon the article. A scent discriminating dog takes (uses) the most recent scent added to an article. Hazardous materials experts found the Leahy letter in November 2001 in a barrel of quarantined unopened mail at a facility in Virginia. This in itself could cause scents from other letters to attach themselves to the envelope. A postal worker put it in the barrel, leaving a scent on the envelope. It is unlikely that Hatfill's scent would have been the last one on the envelope. The letter itself was decontaminated and irradiated before it was tested for fingerprints, DNA and fibers. This would not have destroyed the scent on the letter, which Hatfill had been the last to fold and place in the envelope. Dr. Niman commented: “I believe that the spores could be inactivated by radiation, while preserving the physiochemical characteristics as well as the smell. Thus, a question for the bloodhound experts arises that would relate to preserving the smell under idealized conditions (which could have been met while the FBI was trying to figure out how to open the envelope) as well as how long sniff kits can remain viable.”

Unlike the Leahy letter, the Daschle letter was opened by one of his aides and his scent was the last to appear on it. There were 40 people in his office at the time, but no one knows how many of them may have come in contact with the letter and gotten their scents on it. A postal person who got his or her scent on the envelope delivered it to the mailroom where it could have gotten additional scents on the envelope.

Hatfill was leaving his Maryland apartment for a new residence in Louisiana and threw some stuff he no longer needed in a dumpster behind the complex. The FBI, who had him under surveillance, assumed he was destroying evidence. With this information the FBI got a search warrant and searched his apartment for a third time and also searched the trash containers in front of Hatfill's home. Neighbors found a suit to protect against chemical contamination, a vest with loops to attach 40 rocket-propelled grenades, and a "Star Trek: Deep Space Nine" technical manual, a 30-pound dumbbell, a Purple Heart medal and a rug with the CIA emblem emblazoned on a field of blue. Hatfill: “My girlfriend's home was also searched. She was manhandled by the FBI upon their entry, not immediately shown the search warrant. Her apartment was wrecked, while FBI agents screamed at her that I had killed five people and that her life would never be the same again. She was terrified by their conduct, put into isolation for interrogation for eight hours. I was horrified. The search was another media event.”

GARBOLOGY Hatfill should have been asked to participate in a "scent line up" during which the dog is given a scent sample and then it picks out the suspect from a group of men.

Hound-dogs have 100,000 more olfactory cells than human beings are their evidence is admissible in court. The hound's may have "never caught a Rabbit" as Elvis sang, but they did catch another member of the Rodent Family - Dr. Hatfill.

August 2, 2002. Hatfill retained Victor Glasberg, Klan sympathizer: The sickness of some Jewish people continually amazes the JDO. How many black American lawyers would defend the Klan? But Hatfill's attorney, Victor Glasberg, doesn't care if the KKK insects lynch, burn crosses, castrate people, he's not worried about these people's rights, he's worried about the rights of Klan members to wear their bed sheets (they should wear bedpans): "An Alexandria lawyer with the American Civil Liberties Union yesterday defended a Ku Klux Klan member's right to wear a hood in public. Saying that the 'ACLU has no love for the Ku Klux Klan, but does for the First Amendment,' Victor M. Glasberg argued during a preliminary hearing in a Fredericksburg courtroom that his client's right to wear a hood in public is a constitutionally protected form of free expression."

Victor, your client participated in genocide when he was in Rhodesia and South Africa, buddy. But I suppose if this was the 1930's you would have defended Hitler's right to speak to the German people when he told them to kill Jews, including children. Then you could have gone to the gas chambers as a happy camper. "Don't worry mein kinder, we protected their right of Freedom of Speech." Why don't you just commit suicide and get it over with already instead of taking us with you? "Stevie was literally on the verge of, once again, making complete disclosure," Glasberg said. "Now, with a criminal investigation occurring, Hatfill probably will hire a criminal lawyer and be more discreet", Glasberg said. Still, he said, "it's important to him to assist in the investigation. If the authorities think he has information, he's happy to share it."

GLASBERG'S OTHER CLIENTS Glasberg released a statement saying he has been "working with Dr. Hatfill on how to address a flurry of defamatory publicity about him which has appeared in the press, on TV and on the INTERNET. Glasberg said: "On advice of counsel, Dr. Hatfill will not be speaking with the press." Glasberg filed the legal brief in John Walker Lindh's case that urged the trial judge to take into account international prohibitions against the use of coercion to obtain involuntary statements for use at trial. However, a few days later Lindh pled guilty to the charges against him accepting a very long prison term.

Hatfill retained another lawyer, who practiced criminal law, to represent him. The lawyer, Jonathan Shapiro of Alexandria, Virginia, has handled a number of high-profile cases and represents Brian P. Regan, a retired Air Force master sergeant accused of trying to sell U.S. secrets to Iraq and Libya. Brian P. Regan contacted Saddam the Elder and offered him his services. Here is what he wrote:

“This letter is confidential and directed to your president, or intelligence chief. Please pass this letter via diplomatic pouch and do not discuss the existence of this letter either in your offices or homes or via any electronic means (phone, telex, fax). If you do not follow these instructions the existence of this letter and its contents may be detected and collected by U.S. intelligence agencies.

“Do not open the internal letter prior to it reaching the intended recipients, if you do and the contents are compromised you will have to answer to your president as to why you were so curious.

“This letter (AA12194107) has been encoded to prevent the comprising of the information it contains. The codes to decode this letter were sent to the following address listed below prior to sending this letter. That letter had similar instructions on how to handle the sealed letter it contains. If the break out codes are not delivered, let me know by placing the ad listed below in the Sunday Washington Post (automobile classified section). If I see that ad I will resend the codes either to the same address or a new one. Please secure both of these letters and limit access to only essential personnel. Should the contents of these letters be comprised to any foreign intelligence agencies your country will lose a great opportunity.

“I am a Middle East, North African analyst for the CIA. I am willing to commit espionage against the United States by providing your country with highly classified information. I have a top-Secret clearance and have access to documents from all of the U.S. intelligence agencies National Security Agency (NSA), Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA), Central Command (Centcom), as well as smaller agencies. I have been in the CIA for over twenty years and will be retiring in two years. I feel that I deserve more than the small pension I will receive for all of the years of service at the CIA. I have included the cover page to a classified CIA internal news bulletin, as well as table of contents to the joint-service tactical exploitation of national systems (65) (JTENS), and some satellite photos as proof of my position and willingness to provide your country with classified documents.

“I will be putting myself and my family at great risk. if I am caught I will be imprisoned for the rest of my life, if not executed for this deed. My wife and daughter will be disgraced and harassed by everyone in our community. Considering the risk I am about to take I will require a minimum payment of thirteen million us dollars wire transferred in Swiss francs, the exact amount, before I will risk my life. There are many people from movie stars to athletes in the us who are receiving tens of millions of dollars a year for their trivial contributions. If I am going to risk my life and the future of my family I am going to get paid a fair price. The information I am offering will compromise u.s. intelligence systems worth hundreds of billions of dollars. Thirteen million is a small price to pay for what you will receive.

“I will provide your country with the JTENS manual. This top-secret document will provide you with highly secretive information on us satellites, airborne and ground intelligence systems. You can see from the table of contents and the signature sheet what agencies provided information to be included in this document and the level of detail and importance. Your first thirteen million will buy you vital information systems that cost the U.S. hundreds of billions to build, operate and maintain.

“I will also provide you with a list of the actual locations and orbits of all of the u.s. spy satellites, which can be loaded, into any standard software package. This top-secret information will provide your country with the scheduled times u.s. satellites will be overhead and collecting against your country and when these systems are out of range of your country. I will also send you a number of intelligence reports and documents from a number of intelligence agencies on a variety of topics related to Iraq. This will give you insight into what the US knows about your country as well as examples of the quality of the signals intelligence (SIGNIT) and imagery intelligence (IMINT) systems that spy on you daily. That information alone is worth many times what I am requesting. As a bonus I will also provide you with a number of intelligence reports and documents on your adversary Iran.

“Thirteen million is a small price to pay to have someone within the heart of a u.s. intelligence agency providing you with vital secrets. The knowledge I will provide you can save you billions, by improving your weapon systems tactics, which will limit the us capability to target and destroy your expensive and vital weapon systems and facilities. I doubt this small amount of money means that much to your government but if you are not willing to pay the price don’t bother contacting me, the price is non-negotiable. I am sure you will recognize this offer as a chance of a lifetime and well worth the money. If you are hesitant to invest the thirteen million because you don’t know if the transfer procedure will work successfully then I will allow you to test out the process to see how safe and effective it can be. Instead of sending the documents listed above as the first shipment I will send you the (deleted) as proof of the soundness of the process. This will cost you one million dollars in Swiss francs. send this exact amount to test the process and once you are satisfied you can receive the information and get it out of the u.s. without being detected by the FBI or CIA, we can proceed with the thirteen million dollar transaction.

“I have outlined the procedure to follow to ensure u.s. counter intelligence agents do not detect this transaction. First of all, please keep this letter and break out codes secret, do not refer to it or any of the related operations over any electronic means. Pass all instruction via courier pouch, or person-to-person communications. Limit the number of people who know of this arrangement. Limit the amount of information to all of the players to limit their ability to expose the entire operation.

“The reason I am going to remain anonymous is that most spies are caught because when someone defects to the west they take with them the names of all the western spies they know of. This is why no one would attempt to spy for the Russians today. There are to many Russians turning over their agents to the U.S. Since I do not want to be caught, and you should not want me to be caught, I will remain anonymous. Should I be caught because of a leak on you side of the operation, you lose a source. The US will increase pressure on your country, they will force me to reveal what information I provided you and attempt to neutralize your advantage. No other agent will attempt to work for your country for the fear of being compromised (if you can’t keep a secret then you cannot protect your agents), and most important if I am never caught the US will never know how much or what types of information was compromised. this gives your country the edge by having insight of US capabilities/and weapon systems. It will also create internal (mole hunt) suspicion with in the US intelligence community, which is very destructive and degrades their capability to function effectively.

“Only a very few highly trusted individuals need to know of this operation. Only one person needs to know the bank account numbers I will provide to you. if there is a leak there will be far fewer people to suspect if you know who was involved with this operation. Following the instructions listed below will help ensure the security of this operation. as an added safe guard I have encoded my bank account number separately should this letter be intercepted by the US intelligence agencies some of the codes to the text will be broken out using the super computers at NSA but the encoded bank account numbers will be impossible to break out. I will provide you with the instructions on how to break out the bank account numbers after you contact me and establish a representative in the US this precaution will ensure no foreign intelligence agency will be able to break out the bank numbers even if they intercepted both of the letters I have sent you. Once you have the bank number keep it separate from any reference to this spying activity. the people who transfer the money should not know why it is being transferred. There cannot be any association between the funds you transfer to me and your country. This means you must have a person (unknown to foreign intelligence agencies) with fake identification open an account in either Liechtenstein or Austria and begin to deposit the millions of Swiss francs via untraceable cash, gold, diamonds. You cannot wire transfer the money from any of your other bank accounts because this will leave a trail back to your country and might even tip-off US intelligence agencies of our activities.

“Hand carried cash or other nontraceable commodity is the only way to ensure this transaction is not detected and traced, have your agent open a new account in one of those countries listed and deposit untraceable money into it. You can sell some diamonds or gold or remove cash from another account but it must be hand carried to the new bank without being followed any intelligence agents.

“Deposit that clean money into the account. If there is any question in my mind that it is not clean I will not touch it and abort the operation. do not attempt to find out my identity, if I detect surveillance from your country or my own I will abort this operation and destroy all evidence and deny any allegations of wrong doing against me. I have used a false identity to open the bank account to prevent tracing. It’s in the best interest of both parties to ensure that my identity, and this transaction, is kept secret forever.

“If the us government finds out what is going on they will shut down your vital flow of information, and attempt to neutralize as much of the compromised information as possible. They will attempt to punish your country as well as me for this activity. This response is why very few within the U.S. intelligence community would even think of spying against the US. So as a precaution, I will insure no foreign intelligence agency will be able to break out the bank numbers even if they intercepted both of the letters I have sent you.

“If you reveal any of this intelligence to another nation (Russia, china, etc.) you will probably result in compromising the operation. first they will attempt to identify your agent (me). If that fails they will use the information to bargain with the u.s. on other issues. Either way you lose, so be careful whom you provide the intelligence to. The first thing I need you to do is to make a minor change to your UN homepage to prove to me that you are not the FBI setting a trap for me.

“I have a printout of your UN page that starts as follows and end with. If you make some minor changes to this page (switch one word for another, add a comma, or change some numbers) This will let me know that you have received both letters and are planning on proceeding with the plan. I need you to place a representative in the USA or activate someone who is currently in the U.S. who you can trust and I can contact. Select a loyal Iraqi student who is attending a U.S. college or a trusted person living in the U.S. who would not be suspected of working for your government and who has a private apartment or house to be my point of contact.

“If you try to plant a new agent in the country you stand a good chance of getting detected. Have this person establish a 1-800 phone number in his home. he does not need to know who I am or how I got his phone number. if he is caught he cannot compromise the entire operation. Have someone else who is not associated with the Iraqi government place the following ad listed below in the Wednesday Washington post newspaper. have him add the agent’s 1-800 number to the information provided. Reverse the 1-800 number before you provide it to the one placing the ad. This will add additional security to the number (if 1-800-456-2738 was the number, change it to 1-800-837-2654), then drop the 1-800 and add (703) 837-2654, I will know to drop the (703) when I use the number.

“The person placing the ad does not need to know why he is placing the ad, just have him do it and forget about it. You must insure that the us counter intelligence officers are unaware of this persons existence as an agent of Iraq. If they accidentally find out he put out an ad they will attempt to figure out the correct phone number. If they do they will be monitoring your agent and intercept the shipment of information. this would tip them off to my existence and a manhunt will begin to find out my identity. Also insure you maintain security when you pass him and the other person instructions on what to do. This is why I keep mentioning security of the letters and the related operations. If your people are careful the us government will never know this transaction occurred.

“I will be watching the papers for the next two months, when I see the ad listed below and get the phone number I will contact your agent. Your agent should not know about the ad only that someone will call and request his name and mailing address. I will call him and ask to speak with (john Stevens) he should respond that his name is Jacob. I will request his roommates name and address. He should be ready to give me his full name and mailing address (street, state, zip). I will mail him the instructions on how to decode the bank account number which he can pass on to you. I will only remain on the line for two-minute intervals to prevent anyone from tracing me. this includes your people, the NSA or FBI. Insure your messages to me are short and ready to go when I call. Send the exact amount requested in the currency requested (Swiss francs). I will wait for you to transfer the money to my account once that is verified I will mail FedEx the package to the address provided. I will call the contact prior to sending the package so he is ready to receive it.

“I will call again in two weeks to ensure your agent has received the package and was able to get it out of the country safely. when he receives the information you need to establish a secure way to get the package out of the country without getting detected. I would suggest you have someone go by the agent’s house and pick up the package and drive it to new York. rent a hotel room under a false name and pay with cash or with a false credit card. Insure he does not leave his fingerprints anywhere in the hotel, at the front desk, or in the room, or on the package. Leave the package in the suitcase in the closet then place the room key in an envelope. Either hide the envelope somewhere for pick up, or give it to the front desk with the name of the person who will pick it up.

“Then this agent will call someone from your U.N. mission at their home phone, using a pay phone, and provide him the name of the hotel and location of the key. that person will drive to the hotel and receive the package and take it to the U.N. and put it into the diplomatic pouch for shipment back to Iraq. If your U.N. person is followed by the FBI they will not know what is in the suitcase or who left it in the room. If you have a direct pass off of the information you increase the likely hood of being detected and leading the FBI back to my contact and compromising the whole operation. If you think your UN person would be tracked and detained by the FBI then I would recommend you have some one pick up the package from my contact and put it into a back pack and walk over one of the many us/Mexico border crossings, acting like a tourist on a day trip to Mexico. this person walking over will be less likely to be searched on either side of the border. If you drive across you stand the chance that you will be randomly checked and they will find the classified information in your car. These are my suggestions it is up to you to get the information out of the country. I am only obligated to get it to you agent to receive my payment.

“If the phone line is disconnected or when I call I do not get the code name Jacob than I will assume the agent was caught or on the run. If this occurs reestablish contact via the same ad and a new 1-800 number. If you never told your agent how I got his phone number he cannot reveal it to the FBI. This will allow us to continue without worrying about FBI surveillance. I will resend the information using the same procedures to the new contact. If first shipment goes well I will contact your agent with instructions on where to send the thirteen million to a new bank account. when the funds are confirmed I will send the complete package to your agent. after that I will send your agent a package every three months. You can review the information and then provide me a payment. I expect minimum of three million dollars for each shipment of information that is good, and five million for information that is considered extremely important to your government. This will continue until I am either caught, suspected or retire or if you decide you have received enough information.

Brian P. Regan was greedy and also tried to sell his information to an enemy of the Islamists, the miscreant from Libya, Gaddafi the Kafir. U.S. officials learned from a CIA agent that Libya had received classified U.S. national defense documents. They included electronic images taken by satellites, a CIA intelligence report and a secret document related to a foreign country's satellite capability. They traced the information back to Regan and found that he was using computers in public libraries to communicate. He was arrested and charged only with attempting to give information to an enemy of America, so that the source in Libya would not be compromised.

Jonathan Shapiro also handled to case of Harold James Nicholson, accused of spying for Russia for $120,000. Shapiro asked for CIA materials and the right to subpoena a CIA employee he said could help exonerate He also asked a magistrate judge to discourage Deutch and FBI Director Louis J. Freeh from commenting publicly. Nicholson, 46, was arrested at Dulles while preparing to fly to Switzerland for a meeting with Russian spy handlers. Shapiro asked for audiotapes of polygraph tests given to Nicholson.

Nina Ginsberg, a lawyer who represented the former FBI agent, Earl Pitts, who is now serving a 27-year sentence for espionage, also represented Regan. She also represented an Australian intelligence agent who pleaded guilty before Judge Brinkema to stealing classified American documents. Judge Brinkema is now presiding over the case of Brother Moussouai, would be bio-jihadist.

On August 11, 2002 Hatfill launched a counter-offensive. “I went from being someone with pride in my work, pride in my profession, to being made into the biggest criminal of the 21st century, for something I never touched. What I’ve been trying to contribute, my work, is finished. My life is destroyed.”

In mid-August 2002 the FBI in Quantico began examining the Daschle hoax letter and the1997 and 1999 hoax letters. Hatfill girlfriend began cooperating with the FBI and information has been presented to a grand jury. This month, the FBI sent some 600 environmental samples to the state Health Department lab in Trenton for testing. One sample, taken from the curbside mailbox in Princeton, came back positive Thursday for anthrax. The mailbox with anthrax spores in it is at the corner of Nassau and Bank in Princeton. It is in the downtown Princeton commercial district right across the street from Princeton University. Nassau St. is also NJ Route 27, which goes northeast to Franklin Park, NJ and Kendall Park, NJ. The Greenbrook School is about 1/4 mile off of Route 27 about 10 to 15 miles from the mailbox.

The decision to test all of the boxes came after federal investigators received calls from residents about suspicious-looking people putting letters in public mailboxes. One caller said someone who appeared to be wearing latex gloves dropped a letter into a box.

At least one person, a receptionist at The Glenmede Trust Co., told investigators that she recognized the man in the photo. "I just saw him in passing," said the receptionist, who asked not to identified. "There are a lot of people around here who've seen the guy." A female employee of a Palmer Square coffee shop said she toldinvestigators yesterday she recognized the picture of the white man shown to her by an FBI agent and police officer.

Even if Atta or Moussouai had been able to purchase a crop duster, would have been difficult to spray the anthrax that the Islamists acquired from a crop duster plane. Weather and wind conditions are essential, and the sprayer must be set for the correct particle size. Most Crop dusters cannot disperse a spray finer than 40 microns. But particles must be smaller than 10 microns to enter the lungs and infect a victim. Otherwise they will only cause coetaneous lesions. To stay airborne, the spores have to be aerosolized in tiny droplets of about a micron in diameter. Finding the right carrier chemicals to produce this undetectable aerosol that will reach the lung, rather than get trapped in the sinuses poses a third difficulty.

The Islamist scientists considered using an aerosolizer powered by pressurized gas, such as CO2 or air, to produce vapors or ultrasonic atomizers to produce clouds of vapor. Aerosolization can destroy some or all of the microbes, depending the species fragility, pressure, and nozzle type. The Aum Shinrikyo cult in Japan had trucks with aerosolizers, with the wrong strain of anthrax so the nozzles on their spray guns got plugged up and they ended up dispersing the agents in harmless concentrations.

Now the Islamists have formulated plans to deliver anthrax effectively, although on a smaller scale, through the use of medical devices such as portable nebulizer systems that make liquid into a mist with particles about 2 microns in diameter. Some of these nebulizers use AC current and can be disguised as a plug in air purifier. The specifications are perfect as a small-scale biodispersion device: Atomization Rate: 130 ml/hour min for 2.4 MHz / Particle Size Range: 1-3 microns for 2.4 MHz PCB / Dimensions: 4.25" long x 2.81" wide x 7/8" high / available from Sonaer Ultrasonics - 145 Rome Street Farmingdale, New York 11735. This is the description: “Inexpensive ultrasonic atomization made simple. With the small particle size produced by this devise, clouds seem to levitate. Connect fluid source to one of the ports, fill the cylinder up to the specified level and you are ready to atomize.”

An aerosolizer, fan motor, together with small tubes containing 1 to 3 million infectious doses of a particular agent can fill a large metropolitan skyscraper or enclosed coliseum with a highly infectious aerosol. One ounce of anthrax in the air conditioning system of a sports stadium could infect 70,000 infidels.

The Islamists will not launch a biojihad against Israel. A contagious biological attack, with a smallpox virus, could well infect their own people or, with anthrax, which can remain active for years as spores, contaminate land they someday hope to conquer. THE ANTHRAX TARGETS

The first recipient of the anthrax letters was American Media Publisher David Pecker, a prominent Jew under consideration to be appointed to the Board of Trustees of Florida Atlantic University by Governor Jeb Bush. His newspaper, the National Enquirer, had been selling rolls of toilet paper with the picture of Osama Bin Laden printed on each sheet.

The New York Post was also sent a letter containing anthrax. Rupert Murdoch owns The Post. The Islamists believe that Murdoch specializes in spreading the Zionist thinking that contributes daily to hiding the crimes committed by Jews against Palestinians and changes the Palestinian resistance into “terrorism.” He is now on this list of companies being boycotted by those who oppose Israel and Zionism.

NBC received an anthrax letter. General Electric now owns NBC, but NBC News president Andrew Lack is Jewish, as are executive producers Jeff Zucker (Today), Jeff Gralnick (NBC Nightly News), and Neal Shapiro (Dateline). For most of its existence NBC was owned by David Sarnoff and then by his son Robert. General Electric, may not be owned by Jews, but is still perceived as such and that is why it was targeted.

ABC received anthrax. Disney owns ABC: Even though it has some Arab investment and sells to the Arab world more 100 million dollars a year, Disney’s resources are perceived as helping Zionists around the world. Michael Eisner, who is Jewish, runs Disney.

CBS received anthrax. For most of its existence William S. Paley owned CBS. Paley was the son of successful tobacco merchant Samuel Paley, a Jewish Russian immigrant. The Westinghouse Electric Corporation purchased CBS. Nevertheless, the man appointed by Laurence Tisch, Eric Ober, remained president of CBS News until the mid 1990’s, and Ober is Jewish. Viacom now owns CBS. Viacom Chairman, Sumner Redstone, is the son of a nightclub owner whose father changed the family name from Rothstein. Mel Karmazin is the CEO of CBS. The son of a New York cabdriver, he is a Jew who put Howard Stern on the airwaves.

Many Americans believe the networks are biased in favor of Israel. But this is not the case. Many Jews in the media are self-destructive fools who will bend over backwards to look objective in the eyes of the American public. Many Zionists accuse ABC of a pro-Palestinian bias: “It’s evidently a personal thing with Peter Jennings - his Israel problem. Other journalists make mistakes, or write an occasional one-sided article or fall into clichéd story lines - usually without particular malice or calculation. But ABC’s veteran anchor (and senior editor) of World News Tonight betrays a bias that runs deep and sly.”

The Islamists and Hatfill agreed on two members of the “Zionist Occupied” American Congress who were to receive the anthrax for specific reasons. Hatfill insisted that liberal Democrats, who he despised, receive the gifts. The Islamists wanted Zionists to be the recipient. So they choose Senators Tom Daschle and Patrick Leahy.

In 1998 Senate Minority Leader Daschle, the leader of the Democrats in the Senate, demonstrated his support Israel before 2,000 of the faithful at the end of the American Israel Public Affairs Committee’s (AIPAC) annual conference. Daschle received $45,505 as his reward. Since 1978 Daschle received $382,630 from the Israel lobby. On September 6, 2001, Daschle, co-sponsored S. 2194, the Middle East Peace Commitments Act. This bill was to impose these sanctions on the Palestinians if Bush determined that they continued to violate their commitments to the United States and the Zionist entity:

3) Designating terrorist elements of the PLO as foreign terrorist organizations.

Arab Americans thought that S. 2194 was totally one-sided. They claimed that it did not recognize the devastation dealt to the Palestinian civilian infrastructure under Israeli occupation. It failed to recognize the existence of an Israeli occupation in Palestine. It did not address Israeli illegal settlement activity in the West Bank and Gaza. It made no reference to Israeli government policies or military actions against the Palestinian civilian populations, including collective punishment. In July 2002 the Israelis threatened collective punishment against the families of so-called terrorists and rounded up 21 males relatives of two fugitive Palestinian militants. These people were to be deported to Gaza or to another country. This was intended to break up family support systems for suicide bombers, since their families each receive $25,000 from Iraq and additional funds from the Saudis. Saddam has so far provided $5m in aid to Gaza families that have lost family members as “martyrs.” Hamas threatened to target the families of Israeli officials if this plan was implemented. This pressure, combined with Israeli civil rights groups, and the unwillingness of the Israeli Supreme Court to go along with it, caused the Israelis to abandon the plan. (66)

Daschle is in charge of these Jewish politicians in the Senate: Barbara Boxer, Russell Feingold, Dianne Feinstein, Herb Kohl, Frank Lautenberg, Carl Levin, Joseph Lieberman, Charles Schumer, Paul Wellstone, Ron Wyden - all Democrats. The only Jewish Republican is Arlen Specter. The Jew haters resent the fact that three percent of the electorate are Jewish and eleven Jews out of one hundred Senators are Jews.

The other target was Vermont Senator Patrick Leahy, another Democrat, who heads the Senate Appropriations Committee's Subcommittee on Foreign Operations. This “liberal” supplied the Israel with the military equipment that is used to kill Palestinians. In the past Senator Leahy had criticized aid to Israel but his concern for the U.S. budget has been more than offset by his fear that Israel's lobby will finance his opponents. So far he has received $118,200 from the Zionist lobby.

In 1993, the Leahy campaigned against Israel's $4.3 billion share of U.S. economic and military aid. After warning about Israel’s growing share of a declining U.S. foreign aid budget, Leahy cast his vote in favor of Israel. That year Patrick Leahy allowed Israel to refinance outstanding loans used to purchase military equipment from the U.S. that have interest rates of between 8 and 110 percent. Such refinancing, which saved Israel millions of dollars in interest, was previously limited to loans carrying interest rates of greater than 10 percent. In 1995 Leahy voted to move the U.S. Embassy from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem.

At a recent conference on globalization Leahy scolded his colleagues in Congress for giving too much foreign aid to Israel, and said that too little aid flows to poverty stricken nations: "I’ve been critical of the aid we’ve given to Israel. But the same complaint could be made of a number of wealthy Muslim countries. They’re not giving aid to the poorest of their own people." Leahy noted that two-thirds of U.S. government aid goes to only two countries: Israel and Egypt.

Ramzi Ahmed Yousef said: “The U.S. government gives military aircraft to the Jewish state so the Jews can continue fighting and killing. All of this is a result of the U.S. government's financial and military support of the Jewish state. All people who support the U.S. government are our target.”

In August 2001, Al-Awda, The Palestine Right to Return Coalition, condemned Israel's attacks on Palestinian civilians and called on its members, supporters and all people and organizations of conscience to demand that the U.S. terminate all aid to Israel immediately. Leahy received many e-mails and letters that he disregarded until one was sent with a white powder that he could not ignore!

Al-Awda claims to fight for the right of return for all refugees forced to leave their homes as a result of the Zionist usurpation of Palestine in 1948. Al-Awda is aware of the findings of Dr. Wahid Abd Al-Magid, editor of the Arab Strategic Report published in London annually by the "Al Ahram Institute for Strategic Studies," that has advocated putting an end to the Israeli-Arab conflict by changing the demographic balance within Israel. There are 3,677,882 Palestinian refugees registered with the UN. Numbering 1.1 million, Palestinians make up 20 percent of Israel’s total claimed population of 6.1 million. If these refugees return to Israel the number of indigenous people will soon outnumber the Israelis due to Israel’s low birth rate. Among Palestinians living under the rule of the Palestinian Authority, the annual birth rate is 40 for every 1,000 people. Among Palestinians living within Israel it is 36 per 1,000. The birth rate among Jews is only 18.3 per 1,000, less than half the rate of the Palestinians. After the Arabs become a majority “the Zionist entity” will become “the Zionist non-entity” and the Jews will be back from where they started - a minority group within Palestine.

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CLICK HERE FOR INFORMATION ON ANTHRAX TARGETS AND PRIOR SENTENCES HANDED OUT FOR ANTHRAX. 1

4 NJ STAR-LEDGER 8-5-02 Richard Spertzel Anthrax case entangles U.S. expert FBI scrutinizing scientist who taught biodefense to agent Sunday, August 04, 2002 BY KEVIN COUGHLIN Star-Ledger Staff

5 The Associated Press May 14, 1978, AM cycle LENGTH: 664 words DATELINE: KINSHASA, Zaire

8 Southern Poverty Law Center Report on Harold Covington 29 Palamos Road, Leyton, London E10 Plague Wars Goldberg and Mangold McMillan

10 Dr. Meryl Nass has a BS degree in Biology from MIT (1974) and an MD from the University of Mississippi Medical School (1980). She is a member of the Federation of American Scientists Working Group on Biological Weapons Verification.

12 Harare’s Blair Research Institute Biomedical Research Institute of Southern Africa. Health Minister Timothy Stamps, Financial Gazette Thursday 10 December 1998 Probe launched into Rhodesian forces’ use of biological warfare By Staff Reporter

16 In April 1993 Heyndrickx identified traces of the nerve gas sarin in materials collected in 1992 from the site of a 1988 attack by Iraq against Kurdish rebels [CIVIL DEFENSE PERSPECTIVES July 1993 (vol. 9, #5) 1601 N Tucson Blvd #9, Tucson AZ 85716 c 1993 Physicians for Civil Defense 16 and later discovered that Iraq had used Yellow Rain against the Iranians in that destructive war. Heyndrickx has reported findings that the Kosovar Albanians were attacked with BZ gas and that Soviet-Cuban managers in Angola had used gas.

24 Man in Anthrax Probe Bragged of Ties Thu Aug 8, 4:10 PM ET By JEREMIAH MARQUEZ, Associated Press Writer JOHANNESBURG, South Africa (AP)

25 Hatfill, S.J. 1990. “Military health strategy during the global AIDS pandemic.” Armed Forces (October 1990): 9-10.

26 AIDS link to CCB Probed Sunday Times, South Africa - Sunday, June 21, 1998 Tvette Van Breda 26

29 From Ari Hoffnung ahoffnun@hillel.org To: Hillel-public-policy@offer-ent.com mailto:Hillel-public-policy@offer-ent.com Date: Tue, 25 Feb 1997 10:16:41 -0400 Subject: Holocaust Revisionism

33 Monday, Dec. 3, 2001 Top scientists link lethal anthrax to U.S. weapons program By WILLIAM J. BROAD New York Times News Service

35 At the end of 1999, the Security Council adopted Resolution 1284 which replaced UNSCOM with the UN Monitoring, Verification and Inspection Commission (UNMOVIC). During a telephone call to the UNMOVIC office at the UN the author was told that it was inpossible to determine if Hatfill worked for UNSCOM.

37 Weapons of Mass Destruction: A Frightening Future for Primary Care Providers May 31 - June 1, 2002 Washington DC; June 7-8, 2002 Dallas, TX

39 William Safire, "The Prague Connection, Saddam and Bin Laden," International Herald Tribune, 13 November 2001.

45 Brian Whitmore, "Prague was Rendezvous for Iraqis, Terror Suspect," The Boston Globe, 28 October 2001, p. 10.

50 Miami Herald Wire Services Posted on Fri, Jun. 21, 2002. INDICTMENT DROPS CROP-DUSTER MENTION

52 Baltimore Sun June 26, 2002, Boston Globe 6/28/2002. Anthrax? The F.B.I. Yawns By NICHOLAS D. KRISTOF NYT July 2, 2002

55 Anthrax Alarm J. Contreras, Michael Isikoff, Howard Fineman Newsweek October 8, 2001 56 Anxious About Anthrax Sharon Begley, Michael Isikoff Newsweek October 22, 2001

57 Turmoil In A Perilous Place Angry Scientists Allege Racism At Biowarfare Lab December 19, 2001 By Lynne tuohy And Jack dolan, The Hartford Courant 57

61 Analysis of the Anthrax Attacks Barbara Hatch Rosenberg, Federation of American Scientists 61

65 The JTENS Manual referred to by REGAN in the Hussein letter is classified TOP SECRET/SCI. The table of contents is classified at least SECRET. The JTENS Manual is the handbook of United States reconnaissance programs and collection systems. The purpose of the JTENS Manual is to assist tactical commanders and their staffs in the use of national collection systems, such as satellites, to support military operations and exercises. The JTENS Manual includes information and data describing current national collection systems and their coverage. It is for use by United States military units in obtaining critical time-sensitive information to support tactical military operations.

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Detrick Plaza Apartments 1709 W 7th St Frederick Maryland 21702 Phone: 301-663-9221

Financial Gazette Thursday December 10 1998 Probe launched into Rhodesian forces’ use of biological warfare By Staff Reporter

Southern Poverty Law Center Report on Harold Covington 29 Palamos Road, Leyton, London E10

Harare’s Blair Research Institute Biomedical Research Institute of Southern Africa. Health Minister Timothy Stamps, Financial Gazette Thursday 10 December 1998 Probe launched into Rhodesian forces’ use of biological warfare By Staff Reporter

Hatfill, S.J. 1990. “Military health strategy during the global AIDS pandemic.” Armed Forces (October 1990): 9-10.

AIDS link to CCB Probed Sunday Times, South Africa - Sunday, June 21, 1998 Tvette Van Breda

At the end of 1999, the Security Council adopted Resolution 1284 which replaced UNSCOM with the UN Monitoring, Verification and Inspection Commission (UNMOVIC). During a telephone call to the UNMOVIC office at the UN the author was told that it was impossible to determine if Hatfill worked for UNSCOM.

Weapons of Mass Destruction: A Frightening Future for Primary Care Providers May 31 - June 1, 2002 Washington DC; June 7-8, 2002 Dallas, TX

This is a really bizarre website full of incredible accusations. I'm posting this here mostly as an evidentiary archive - I'm not sure how long this website will continue to exist.

As predicted, once I'd fingered YPSL (Young People's Socialist League) being in league with Barbara Rosenburg to draw attention away from the left, particularly the violent left, the rest of them got on line.

Notice the footnote reference to Southern Poverty Law Center. That's definitely a hotbed of "retired" YPSL nutcases.

Remember, the last violent organization to attack the Postal Service was YPSL - it happened back in the 1970s and early 1980s. They are still around.

think I need to feed my moose some cheese now." Like the song says, "I musta been gone too long", but the "moose/cheese thaing" sounds familiar, but could you refresh the inquiring minds who want to know or remember?

It is a way to ID silly stuff. There are links somewhere (search Moose, Cheese, Shower and I do not get the last one!). IMHO, this post was wacky. Black Helicopter Tinfoil wacky.

Oh God, Aw Jeez, What opening from joke hell have I opened? Just replaced the battery in my search engine robot and it all boils down to:

THIS

or THIS

or even THIS , and like flying in from Toronto, "Boy, are my arms tired!"

NOOOOOOO!

Truly bizarre even after merely skimming. Too much garbage to read in detail...

I'm glad I wasn't the only one. Kind of like the Donald Sutherland character in JFK, who just natters on, with disjointed, unrelated details. He tries to beat the listener -- in this case, the reader -- into submission.

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