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To: DoughtyOne; Victoria Delsoul; AntiJen; MistyCA; SpookBrat

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Thank you sooo much for this DoughtyOne. I love it.


5 posted on 07/06/2002 3:09:36 AM PDT by Snow Bunny
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To: Snow Bunny
Good mornin. My Mom's family was in Virginia before the Revolution. I still own the old place near Orkney Springs. Spent every summer there when I was living in Baltimore and Philly. My family is buried there. Maine is fine now, Cooler. Swedish cousins visited Eastport and bought a cowgirl hat at a gunshop plus Indian jewelry.
8 posted on 07/06/2002 3:21:54 AM PDT by larryjohnson
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To: Snow Bunny; DoughtyOne
Great looking sign, Doughty. Thanks.



94 posted on 07/06/2002 11:43:17 AM PDT by Victoria Delsoul
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To: Snow Bunny; Victoria Delsoul; coteblanche; LindaSOG; All
Booker T. Washington
1856-1915, Educator


Booker Taliaferro Washington was the foremost black educator of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He also had a major influence on southern race relations and was the dominant figure in black public affairs from 1895 until his death in 1915. Born a slave on a small farm in the Virginia backcountry, he moved with his family after emancipation to work in the salt furnaces and coal mines of West Virginia. After a secondary education at Hampton Institute, he taught an upgraded school and experimented briefly with the study of law and the ministry, but a teaching position at Hampton decided his future career. In 1881 he founded Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute on the Hampton model in the Black Belt of Alabama.

Though Washington offered little that was innovative in industrial education, which both northern philanthropic foundations and southern leaders were already promoting, he became its chief black exemplar and spokesman. In his advocacy of Tuskegee Institute and its educational method, Washington revealed the political adroitness and accommodationist philosophy that were to characterize his career in the wider arena of race leadership. He convinced southern white employers and governors that Tuskegee offered an education that would keep blacks "down on the farm" and in the trades. To prospective northern donors and particularly the new self- made millionaires such as Rockefeller and Carnegie he promised the inculcation of the Protestant work ethic. To blacks living within the limited horizons of the post- Reconstruction South, Washington held out industrial education as the means of escape from the web of sharecropping and debt and the achievement of attainable, petit-bourgeois goals of self-employment, landownership, and small business. Washington cultivated local white approval and secured a small state appropriation, but it was northern donations that made Tuskegee Institute by 1900 the best-supported black educational institution in the country.

The Atlanta Compromise Address, delivered before the Cotton States Exposition in 1895, enlarged Washington's influence into the arena of race relations and black leadership. Washington offered black acquiescence in disfranchisement and social segregation if whites would encourage black progress in economic and educational opportunity. Hailed as a sage by whites of both sections, Washington further consolidated his influence by his widely read autobiography Up From Slavery (1901), the founding of the National Negro Business League in 1900, his celebrated dinner at the White House in 1901, and control of patronage politics as chief black advisor to Presidents Theodore Roosevelt and William Howard Taft.

Washington kept his white following by conservative policies and moderate utterances, but he faced growing black and white liberal opposition in the Niagara Movement (1905-9) and the NAACP (1909-), groups demanding civil rights and encouraging protest in response to white aggressions such as lynchings, disfranchisement, and segregation laws. Washington successfully fended off these critics, often by underhanded means. At the same time, however, he tried to translate his own personal success into black advancement through secret sponsorship of civil rights suits, serving on the boards of Fisk and Howard universities, and directing philanthropic aid to these and other black colleges. His speaking tours and private persuasion tried to equalize public educational opportunities and to reduce racial violence. These efforts were generally unsuccessful, and the year of Washington's death marked the beginning of the Great Migration from the rural South to the urban North. Washington's racial philosophy, pragmatically adjusted to the limiting conditions of his own era, did not survive the change.

The world cares very little about what a man or woman knows; it is what a man or woman is able to do that counts.

~ Booker T. Washington ~

I believe that any man's life will be filled with constant and unexpected encouragement, if he makes up his mind to do his level best each day, and as nearly as possible reaching the high water mark of pure and useful living.

~ Booker T. Washington ~

105 posted on 07/06/2002 11:53:40 AM PDT by SAMWolf
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To: Snow Bunny; SAMWolf; All
Happy Birthday, Mr. President


click on the photo

Willie Nelson, Living in the Promised Land


107 posted on 07/06/2002 11:58:02 AM PDT by Victoria Delsoul
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To: Snow Bunny; 68-69TonkinGulfYatchClub
Happy America's birthday weekend Canteen thread! Music, history, geography, art...civics, have yhou considered applying for federal ed. $$$$? (^:

John Peter Muhlenberg

(He was elected as a member of the Virginia House of Burgesses in 1774, and was a 30-year-old pastor who preached on the Christian's responsibility to be involved in securing freedom for America. He was the son of Henry Muhlenberg, one of the founders of the Lutheran Church in America.)

In 1775, after preaching a message on Ecclesiastes 3:1, "For everything there is a season, and a time for every matter under heaven," John Peter Muhlenberg closed his message by saying:

"In the language of the Holy Writ, there is a time for all things. There is a time to preach and a time to fight."

He then threw off his robes to reveal the uniform of a soldier in the Revolutionary Army. That afternoon, at the head of 300 men, he marched off to join General Washington's troops, becoming Colonel of the 8th Virginia Regiment. He served until the end of the war being promoted to the rank of Major-general. In 1785 he became the Vice-President of Pennsylvania and in 1790 was a member ofthe Pennsylvania Constitutional Convention. He then served as a U.S. Congressman from Pennsylvania and in 1801 was elected to the U. S. Senate.


Chuck Baldwin Live.com
283 posted on 07/06/2002 6:44:56 PM PDT by Ragtime Cowgirl
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