And with the Homestead Act of 1862 which the Democrats and Slaveocrats had blocked repeatedly before the war, the ownership millions of acres of "federal land" was transferred to small farmers, greatly increasing the total ownership of land and creating a lasting middle class. The slavers did not want lands broken into small parcels for family farmers. They demanded large parcels suitable for plantation-sized estates. The Homestead Act was the greatest land transfer from Government to private ownership in history and Lincoln and the Republicans did it.