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WHY A HIGH SOCIETY IS A FREE SOCIETY
The Guardian UK ^ | 5/19/02 | A C Grayling

Posted on 05/18/2002 7:44:57 PM PDT by LarryLied

One measure of a good society is whether its individual members have the autonomy to do as they choose in respects that principally concern only them. The debate about heroin, cocaine and marijuana touches precisely on this. In my submission, a society in which such substances are legal and available is a good society not because drugs are in themselves good, but because the autonomy of those who wish to use them is respected. For other and broader reasons, many of them practical, such a society will be a better one.

I have never taken drugs other than alcohol, nicotine, caffeine and medicinal drugs. Of these, I have for many years not taken the two former. I think it is inimical to a good life to be dependent for pleasure and personal fulfilment on substances which gloss or distort reality and interfere with rationality; and yet I believe that heroin, cocaine, marijuana, ecstasy and cognates of these should be legal and available in exactly the same way as nicotine and alcohol.

In logic is no difference between legal and currently illegal drugs. Both are used for pleasure, relief from stress or anxiety, and 'holidaying' from normal life, and both are, in different degrees, dangerous to health. Given this, consistent policy must do one of two things: criminalise the use of nicotine and alcohol, in order to bring them in line with currently illegal substances; or legalise currently illegal substances under the same kinds of regime that govern nicotine and alcohol.

On civil liberties grounds the latter policy is preferable because there is no justification in a good society for policing behaviour unless, in the form of rape, murder, theft, riot or fraud, it is intrinsically damaging to the social fabric, and involves harm to unwilling third parties. Good law protects in these respects; bad law tries to coerce people into behaving according to norms chosen by people who claim to know and to do better than those for whom they legislate. But the imposition of such norms is an injustice. By all means let the disapprovers argue and exhort; giving them the power to coerce and punish as well is unacceptable.

Arguments to the effect that drugs should be kept illegal to protect children fall by the same token. On these grounds, nicotine and alcohol should be banned too. In fact there is greater danger to children from the illegality of drugs.

Almost everyone who wishes to try drugs, does so; almost everyone who wishes to make use of drugs does it irrespective of their legal status. Opponents say legalisation will lead to unrestrained use and abuse. Yet the evidence is that where laws have been relaxed there is little variation in frequency or kind of use.

The classic example is Prohibition in the USA during the 1920s. (The hysteria over alcohol extended to other drugs; heroin was made illegal in the USA in 1924, on the basis of poor research on its health risks and its alleged propensity to cause insanity and criminal behaviour.) Prohibition created a huge criminal industry. The end of Prohibition did not result in a frenzy of drinking, but did leave a much-enhanced crime problem, because the criminals turned to substances which remained illegal, and supplied them instead.

Crime destabilises society. Gangland rivalry, the use of criminal organisations to launder money, to fund terrorism and gun-running, to finance the trafficking of women and to buy political and judicial influence all destabilise the conditions for a good society far beyond such problems as could be created by private individuals' use of drugs. If drugs were legally and safely available through chemist shops, and if their use was governed by the same provisions as govern alcohol purchase and consumption, the main platform for organised crime would be removed, and thereby one large obstacle to the welfare of society.

It would also remove much petty crime, through which many users fund their habit. If addiction to drugs were treated as a medical rather than criminal matter, so that addicts could get safe, regular supplies on prescription, the crime rate would drop dramatically, as argued recently by certain police chiefs.

The safety issue is a simple one. Paracetemol is more dangerous than heroin. Taking double the standard dose of paracetemol, a non-prescription analgesic, can be dangerous. Taking double the standard medical dose of heroin (diamorphine) causes sleepiness and no lasting effects.

A good society should be able to accommodate practices which are not destructive of social bonds (in the way that theft, rape, murder and other serious crimes are), but mainly have to do with private behaviour. In fact, a good society should only interfere in private behaviour in extremis.

Until a century ago, now-criminal substances were legal and freely available. Some (opium in the form of laudanum) were widely used. Just as some people are damaged by misuse of alcohol, so a few were adversely affected by misuses of other drugs. Society as a whole was not adversely affected by the use of drugs; but it was benefited by the fact that it did not burden itself with a misjudged, unworkable and paternalistic endeavour to interfere with those who chose to use drugs.

The place of drugs in the good society is not about the drugs as such, but rather the freedom and the value to individuals and their society of openness to experimentation and alternative behaviours and lifestyles. The good society is permissive, seeking to protect third parties from harm but not presuming to order people to take this or that view about what is in their own good.



TOPICS: Constitution/Conservatism; Culture/Society; Editorial; Government; United Kingdom
KEYWORDS: drugs; wod; wodlist
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To: Libertarian Billy Graham
I'm just pointing out how much easier it is defending liberal dopers against the crimes of conservative bigots

ROTLMAO!

1,101 posted on 05/22/2002 10:52:50 PM PDT by Texasforever
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To: Cultural Jihad
There is but one moral Law which everyone is obligated to adhere to regardless of their personal beliefs or disbeliefs.

Please enlighten us, oh great Illumined Yogi.

Tell us of Your One Moral Law.

1,102 posted on 05/22/2002 10:56:37 PM PDT by tpaine
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To: tpaine
Tell us of Your One Moral Law.

Yap,yap,yap, snarl, growl lift leg.

1,103 posted on 05/22/2002 10:58:35 PM PDT by Texasforever
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To: tpaine
Sure thing tex, whatever you say HAS to be right

Most of the time.

1,104 posted on 05/22/2002 10:59:43 PM PDT by Texasforever
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To: tpaine

So you don't buy into their lame argument that laws somehow thwart free will?

1,105 posted on 05/22/2002 11:02:25 PM PDT by Cultural Jihad
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To: Texasforever
You spew garbage where ever you post. And are intellectually incapable of cleaning up your own mess.

-- Call in the anonomods, maybe they'll clean up for you.

1,106 posted on 05/22/2002 11:03:04 PM PDT by tpaine
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To: tpaine
You spew garbage where ever you post. And are intellectually incapable of cleaning up your own mess.

How do you spell that?

1,107 posted on 05/22/2002 11:04:25 PM PDT by Texasforever
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To: Cultural Jihad
Tell me your one moral law for guidence, that I may answer correctly, oh Jihadic Yogi. -- I beg you.
1,108 posted on 05/22/2002 11:08:27 PM PDT by tpaine
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To: Texasforever
Who cares?
1,109 posted on 05/22/2002 11:09:43 PM PDT by tpaine
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To: tpaine
Who cares?

Then why did you ask?

1,110 posted on 05/22/2002 11:11:07 PM PDT by Texasforever
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To: tpaine

Don't be cruel to yourself.
Don't be cruel to others.
Don't be cruel to God.
In other words, be kind.

1,111 posted on 05/22/2002 11:11:37 PM PDT by Cultural Jihad
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To: Texasforever
How DO you spell that?
1,112 posted on 05/22/2002 11:12:36 PM PDT by tpaine
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To: tpaine
How DO you spell that?

THAT! Do I get a prize?

1,113 posted on 05/22/2002 11:14:37 PM PDT by Texasforever
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To: Texasforever
Sure, a gold star as FR's foremost dolt.
1,114 posted on 05/22/2002 11:26:58 PM PDT by tpaine
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To: tpaine
Sure, a gold star.

Wow, a gold star. Thanks Tpaine.

1,115 posted on 05/22/2002 11:28:55 PM PDT by Texasforever
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To: Cultural Jihad
"Don't be cruel to yourself." - Only jihadic weirdos like you are, as a rule.

"Don't be cruel to others." - Lest they be cruel to you. - Sure. - Golden rule I live with. [Carry a big 'ruler' tho, just in case]

"Don't be cruel to God." - Your God can be harmed by man? Mine can't.

"In other words, be kind." - The kindest thing you can do for most people, CJ, is to let them live in peace to make their own way. It's the constitutional way. -- Why don't you try to practice what you preach?

1,116 posted on 05/22/2002 11:49:28 PM PDT by tpaine
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To: tpaine
Policy' prohibitions? By elected officials? - Good god.

Since day one. Read a book.

1,117 posted on 05/23/2002 12:15:43 AM PDT by Roscoe
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To: Conservative til I die
"...yet I believe that heroin, cocaine, marijuana, ecstasy and cognates of these should be legal and available in exactly the same way as nicotine and alcohol...."

Reading is fundamental.

1,118 posted on 05/23/2002 12:20:29 AM PDT by Roscoe
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To: Texasforever
The Federal Government is under no obligation to recognize laws passed outside the "Republican Government" guaranteed by the Constitution.
Someone ought to sue the community college you went to to mislearn the law so badly. Referenda are legitimate legal mechanisms and it is up to the states to decide how they work. The FedGov has no standing on this unless the state has somehow run afoul of the XIVth. You are parroting a true jackbooted thug's interpretation fo federal power. But I'm sure you think you are smarter than James Madison.
1,119 posted on 05/23/2002 8:19:37 AM PDT by eno_
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To: Cultural Jihad
.... inspirational interlude time....

----------------------------------

To dream the impossible dream,
to fight the unbeatable foe,
to bear with unbearable sorrow,
to run where the brave dare not go...

To right the unrightable wrong,
to love pure and chaste from afar,
to try when your arms are too weary
to reach the unreachable star!

This is my quest --
to follow that star
no matter how hopeless,
no matter how far --
To fight for the right
without question or pause,
to be willing to march into hell
for a heavenly cause!

And I know
if I'll only be true
to this glorious quest
that my heart
will be peaceful and calm
when I'm laid to my rest.

And the world will be better for this
that one man, scorned and covered with scars,
still strove with his last ounce of courage
To reach the unreachable stars!

1,120 posted on 05/23/2002 8:27:45 AM PDT by apochromat
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