There has been continuous human habitation for 480,000 years.(Neanderthal, Cro-Magnon and Homo Sapien). There is evidence of Neanderthal and Cro-Magnon coexistence.
10,000 BC: first permanent settlements in Israel
7,000 BC: walls of Jericho built
1950 BC: Abraham leaves Ur (Iraq)for Canaan.
1600 BC: Hebrews move to Egypt voluntarily abandoning the Holyland.
1486 BC: Canaanite army defeated at Megiddo by Egyptian Pharaoh Thutmose, consolidating Egyptian rule over Canaan
1300 BC: Moses leads the Jews out of Egypt
1200 BC: Philistines arrive by ship and give the name "Palestine" to the area; Jews start to arrive in Land of Israel
990 BC: Jerusalem captured by King David and Israel unified as one nation
950 BC: First Temple built by King Solomon forcing Hebrew unity by controlling the Ark of the Covenant
928 BC: After a fight over taxation, Israel splits into two nations: "Judah" in the south and "Israel" in the north
824 BC: Assyria conquers Palestine
710 BD Assyria conquers Israel
586 BC: Babylon conquers Judah.
597 BC: Babylonians send army to put down a rebellion and take prominent Jews into exile
586 BC: Babylonians arrive to put down another rebellion, destroy the First Temple, and remove more Jews into exile
539 BC: Babylonians defeated by Persians
538 BC: Cyrus the Great of Persia allows the Jews to return to Israel and rebuild temple in return for loyalty oath to Persia
515 BC: Second Temple built
332 BC: Alexander the Great of Macedonia conquers Persia and takes over their empire, including Palestine; Hellenization of Israel begins
170-164 BC: Maccabee revolt against forced Hellenization; Jewish independence
63 BC: Roman legions, under General Pompey, conquer Jerusalem
37 BC: Herod the Great installed by Romans as vassal king
4 BC: Jesus born
AD 30: Jesus crucified
AD 66-70: Jewish revolt, war with Romans, destruction of Jerusalem and Second Temple
AD 73: Masada falls ending control of a terorist organization the Sicarii. Evidence exists that the Sicarii, massacred 25 men women and childred who occupied Masada before they siezed it in AD 71
AD 130-2: Hadrian outlaws circumcision and plans to rebuild Jerusalem as a pagan city
AD 132-135. Bar Kochba rebellion. Jews crushed by Romans, sold into slavery, and driven into exile (the Diaspora). Jerusalem is rebuilt as Aelia Capitolina.
AD 200-215: Mishnah edited in Israel by Rabbi Ha Nasi „h AD 313: Roman emperor Constantine converts to Christianity, grants freedom of worship to Christians throughout Empire
AD 395: Rome splits into western and eastern (Byzantium) empires
AD 638: Omar defeats the Byzantine army at the Yarmuk River (in Syria); Muslims rule Palestine
AD 1009: Caliph El-Hakim destroys Holy Sepulchre
AD 1071: Seljuk Turks forbid Christians to enter Jerusalem
AD 1095: Pope Urban II launches Crusades
AD 1099: Crusaders take Jerusalem
AD 1187: Saladin retakes Jerusalem
AD 1188-92: Third Crusade under Richard I the Lionheart fails to retake Jerusalem but wins access for pilgrims.
AD 1400: Israel under Mameluke rule from Egypt;
AD 1516: Mamelukes defeated by Ottoman empire
AD 1537: Suleyman the Magnificent orders new walls and gates built around Jerusalem
AD 1896: Theodor Herzl publishes Der Judenstat, which leads to formation of the World Zionist Congress
1917: British General Allenby captures Jerusalem from the Turks.
1923: British split off 70% of Palestine and hand it over to Emir Abdullah as "Jordan"
November 29, 1947: United Nations votes for the partition of the remainder of Palestine into separate Jewish and Arab states, with Jerusalem a neutral international city.
May 14, 1948: State of Israel declared.