Keyes has been in four electoral races, and lost all four.
We all know about the 1996 and 2000 GOP Primary races.
He ran, as the MD GOP's candidate, in the general elections of 1988 and 1992 for US Senate.
I believe one needs a "nomination" from the party to be on the ballot as its candidate.
Here is what the 1990 Almanac of American Politics says about the 1988 race.
" ...[t]he original Republican nominee dropped out, and the party picked Alan Keyes, ... He got some visible support from Ronald Reagan [but] the reults were almost the same as six years before." Keyes lost that year, 62% to 38% He was outspent by more than 2-1.
In 1992, Keyes was the regular GOP nominee, and lost to Sen. Mikulski by a slightly larger margin. He was also outspent by more than 3-1 that time. Mikulski has generally run more strongly than Sarbanes, though both are strong in the state. The GOP has not won a Senate race in MD since 1980, for what that is worth.
So, in summary, you have two "nominations," one to fill a vacant slot, and one in the ordinary way, and two efforts to get a nomination.
Happy New Year,
Richard F.
So that would mean he wasn't really nominated in 1996 or 2000, wouldn't it?