Posted on 10/17/2001 5:14:58 AM PDT by Behind Liberal Lines
Letters in recent days defend the use of atomic weapons against Japan on the ground that failure to use them would have cost millions of American lives in an invasion of the Japanese islands.
While the issue of whether the use of these bombs was terrorism is better left to others, the facts surrounding the use of those weapons of mass destruction should at least be clearly stated.
When the decision to bomb Hiroshima and Nagasaki was being made, the United States was engaged in the carpet bombing of Tokyo, creating a firestorm that made Dresden seem like a marshmallow roast. "Hap" Arnold, commander of the Army Air Corps, argued against the use of the atomic bomb, because the "conventional" bombing campaign against Japan was so successful.
He believed that Japan would surrender in weeks, if not days, because of the terrible destruction from the bombing campaign under way. General Arnold, at least, did not believe it would be necessary to invade the Japanese islands at all.
When I did this research during my years in college, I was struck by the fact that estimates of a million or more American casualties resulting from an invasion of the Japanese islands arose after the bombing.
I was also struck by the fact that use of the weapon offshore, but within sight of Tokyo, was dismissed almost out of hand. Our scientists and generals had seen firsthand the awe inspiring results of the Trinity test, and many believed that just the sight of such a weapon would result in the sought after surrender.
I also find difficult to understand is how, after we reduced a city of 140,000 to rubble in an instant, we felt it necessary to repeat the act and destroy another 80,000 human souls. Could we not have waited a few more days before destroying Nagasaki, to allow the enormity of the attack on Hiroshima to enter the consciousness of the Japanese leaders? Have we as a nation yet begun to understand the enormity and complexity of the attacks on the United States, even after several weeks?
Was the use of atomic weapons terrorism? I guess that to a certain extent the answer to that question depends on whether you were a soldier from Indiana, or a shopkeeper in Hiroshima, or a fisherman in Nagasaki.
Japan perpetrated an act of War upon the United States and it's citizens. Their stated goal was the military domination of the Pacific region. They were willing to kill and die to achieve this goal. Furthermore, their military elements were trained to fight to the death and surrender of individual troops was not an option. Many battles in the Pacific show this to be a fact and not an assumption. Furthermore, an invasion of Japan proper would have entailed an armed invasion into their homeland where it was expected that the general populous would be brought to bear to repel the attack and defend the emperor.
The targets of Hiroshima and Nagasaki were chosen for the RIGHT reasons. They were legitimate targets within the Japanese industrial military complex. Were our objectives to have included the annihilation of the Japanese people then Tokyo would have been ground zero. Additionally, any target within sight of Tokyo would have exposed the city and millions of citizens to the immediate effects of the weapon. Furthermore, an off-shore drop intended to show off the bomb was in fact not a legitimate option for several reasons.
First, a water drop was expected to generate tsunami grade events that would have impacted directly on the city of Tokyo and it's residents. Furthermore, history is very clear. Japan refused to surrender after we dropped the first bomb. A show of force was NOT enough to end the war. This was a royal empire. The people did NOT have the ability nor the inclination to rebel against the emperor. Until he himself was ready to surrender Japan would remain at war. It took the loss of significant military production capabilities hundreds of thousands of lives before he was willing to surrender. The same effect could not have been achieved by an invasion, and thus would have required the loss of even more life in Japan, and unthinkable losses to American troops.
War is not about fairness. War is about surviving when someone would rather have you dead. Survival in war often means that you must either kill or be killed. Our very way of life was attacked in 1941. Children were afraid to sleep at night. Our safety and freedom had been violated. The war that was required to remove that threat and restore our freedom was just and it was right. The decisions that were made in choosing how the war would end were not easy decisions, but they put the lives of our own citizens ahead of the lives of citizens in the aggressor country, as is the charter of our government.
Once again we are engaged in a battle to restore our very freedom, our sense of safety, indeed, our very way of life. It has become all too clear that in order to protect Americans we must completely remove the threat. If we turn the other cheek we will be attacked again. If we endeavor to 'talk it out' we will be lied to, and attacked again. A world without war would most certainly be a better place, but that is not the world in which we live. We live in a world where people and organizations hate others simply because of who they are. We live in a world where countries deny the right of other countries to even exist. And today we live in a world where ideology has turned to unthinkable violence, and the killing of truly innocent people, just because the lived and worked and visited America.
What the author fails to understand is that his precious freedoms of thought and expression have been attacked. His ability to write an opinion article has been attacked. His ability to pontificate about how unjust war is must in fact be defended through war. I find that sad because he doesn't appreciate the sacrifices that were made, and that continue to be made, to defend the freedoms that he appears to take for granted. But regardless of his opinion, his freedoms are in fact worth fighting for, and I salute the men and women at home and oversees who so valiantly act on our behalf.
God Bless America
St. Petersburg, FL
The reason Stalin moved those Siberian divisions out of the Japanese border to protect Moscow is that he knew for a fact which direction the Japanese were going to attack. Further more, recently declassified American documents (remember the English do not declassify for 70 years as opposed to 50 in the US) showed that Chruchhill knew full well several months ahead of time where the attack was coming. Overall, Pearl Harbor was more of a symbollic blow on obselete ships...the main industrial capacity which built a much larger navy in 2 years was untouched, as were the main aircraft carriers that helped fight a holding action until the new fleets were ready to take the fight back to the Japanese. Even several of those battleships were then raised. Do any of you honoestly believe FDR would pass up such an opportunity to get the nation riled up to get into a war he was itching to join? Do you trust FDR that much? Or is it incomprehensable that your government might surrender the lives of some of your citizens to reach its desired objectives in its desired manner? What about the US Army battalion that was walked through ground Zero after an atomic blast and studied as they died...its even on old film footage of them advancing following a test blast.
For many years I have agreed with this line of reasoning. I also agreed with this line of reasoning when Sherman shelled Atlanta. Part of war is to stop the enemy's desire to continue prosecuting the war. The other part is stopping his ability. A good strategy employs both. From a military standpoint it is totally justifiable.
From a moral standpoint it is more questionable. Do we really have the right to sacrifice noncombattants to speed the end of a war? Morally, not militarily, how is that different from China forcing women to have abortions so they won't become overpopulated and starve their population? What about a mother sacrificing her unborn child so she will not face a financial burden. There is a "line in the sand" question, do we sacrifice innocents to save the lives of others or to make their lives easier? In the generic it applies to abortion, embryonic stem cell research, and euthanasia. In the specific it applies to the bombing of Berlin as well as the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. It also applies to MAD.
I recognize that all of these strategic plans were pragmatic. And the good guys did win. But do the ends justify the means? Did we fight morally? I'm not as sure as I was when I was younger. If I had been a soldier and someone had shown me a Japanese mother nursing her baby and said, "Grunt, if we bomb this couple we can end the war without you risking your life. Or we can let you go against the Japanese military, but you will probably die. Which do you choose? Morally, I might have to choose taking my chances with the soldiers. I'm not sure what I would really do.
Don't throw out the question out of hand. It is an important question. We don't have to condemn those who came before to use hindsight to resolve some thorny questions.
But we weren't terrorists. We were morally superior to OBL and his bunch. At least we were in a declared war and had announced who we were and what our intentions were. The scum who blew up the WTC haven't had the courage to do this.
Shalom.
I'm Catholic also, and moral theologians have different opinions on the dropping of the atomic bombs.
If you, as an AMERICAN, believe that the loss of 200,000 soliders to an enemy is justified when other means were available to save those soldiers, then you're beyond hope.
"No bastard ever won a war by dying for his country. He won it by making the other poor dumb bastard die for his country.
War is a nasty business; there is no getting around it. Squeamishness, though, is a fatal conceit and cannot be surrendered to. Sorry. The U.S. made a good call in 1945.
Kill the poys and the luggage! 'Tis expressly
against the law of arms; 'tis as arrant a piece of
knavery, mark you now, as can be offert; in your
conscience, now, is it not?
-Fluellen, Henry V, IV.vii
BTW, I'm no fan of the Southern Party.
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