BGP?
Re: 33 - is Border Gateway Protocol which is used (among other things) to allow for orderly routing of networks at peering points, etc. Selecting and routing to the “correct” peer helps with network efficiency.
It works - until is doesn’t (haha) - has been my general take on BGP. When it doesn’t work, there can be problems (some very adverse) with poor routing decisions, etc.
See https://www.site24x7.com/blog/6-lessons-from-cloudflares-june-2022-outage