I believe "cis" was originally a geographical term. The Romans called northern Italy Cisalpine Gaul--Gaul on "this side," or southeast of the Alps--while what is now France, on the other side, was Transalpine Gaul.
I am familiar with the terms “cis” from organic chemistry. Cis means same side and trans means other side indicating the bonded direction of a substituent group which influences the molecules chemical properties..