Try up to $60,000, and that's just for the engine. Getting a computer controlled engine to run in a truck it wasn't made for would be a whole 'nother matter. Nobody does this. Plenty of owners buy rebuilt engines to keep their old trucks going so they won't have to put up with the problems and expenses that come with a newer engine though.
I thought most of the diesel pollution problem was solved when we went to low-sulfur diesel.
Does every (truck) diesel engine after 2010 require DEF?
Not in Commiefornia.