the obvious way to move Gulf hydrocarbons to Europe is via Turkish pipelines.
Turkey, Iraq, Syria, and Saudi Arabia should bury the hatchet and do business.
That was the whole purpose of the Syrian civil war. It was intended to overthrow Assad and install a pipeline friendly government. The problem is Russia, since their primary global strategy is centered on controlling energy supplies to Europe. The Qatar-Turkey pipeline would have drastically decreased Russia's geopolitical clout.
Operation Timber Sycamore was CIA Director Petraeus' idea to take advantage of the "Arab Spring" protests to foment a civil war and overthrow Assad. We recruited, trained and armed the rebel forces, many of them associated with Al Qaeda. When that seemed like it wasn't going to work, the plan shifted to splitting the country to just take the east where the pipeline would run. The result is almost 400,000 dead, over 5 million refugees and a devastated Syria. But Assad and Russia remain.
Russia's invasion of Ukraine is also mostly about controlling Europe's energy and gaining control over Ukraine's petroleum and gas reserves. If Europe wants to be free of Russia, they either need to fight, or start building nuclear power plants.