When you apply for a Federal Government job you have to disclose any criminal history and if the job has any kind of clearance involved, they will investigate the truthfulness of your answers. I tell anyone applying for such jobs, to be up front and honest about any problems in your past because if they catch you lying, you are toast. Of course that advice does not pertain to politicians or political appointees who basically can lie through their teeth and just amend their remarks later.
The application process...mainly the background check...is exhausting.