The gas tax you already pay is based on the miles you drive. You drive twice the miles as me, you pay twice the tax (assuming the same car mileage). But if I drive a heavy vehicle that damages the road more, I get worse mileage and pay more tax (offsetting the road damage).
The existing system works well. The only flaw is it is based on ICE powered vehicles.
All they have to do is pass a “road use tax” on EVs to make them pay for the roads. If you drive an EV, you pay that tax. Hybrid cars would pay the same tax at a reduced rate because they are paying some gas tax.
So, all we need is a Hybrid and EV tax to make things fair.
The gas nor diesel tax come even remotely close to paying for the damages done by heavy duty vehicles vs light duty vehicles. The avg class 8 truck at 60,000lbs GVW gets 6 to 8 mpg of diesel yet it does 5000 times the wear of a lighy duty pick up truck also buring diesel taxed at the same rate at 20mpg.
Here is the science
https://www.gao.gov/mobile/products/CED-79-94
https://www.gao.gov/assets/130/127292.pdf
Class 8 trucks should be charged by the mile based on current axle weight to account for the actual wear and tear they are causing. Same for electric vehicles which pay no fuel tax they should pay per mile based on gross vehicle weight. Conservatives should be 100 percent behind personal responsibility and pay for what you actually use. End the corporate welfare for class 8 trucks and charge them for the damages they actually cause.