Electric vehicles also cause wear and tear on the roads but they pay no gas tax.
Well, THAT is very easily solved with a tax on electricity used to charge electric car batteries. Basically it's a secure electric meter at the input of the battery. Then it gets scanned (at least monthly?) at any charge station(s) of your choice. Go two months with continued charges (at home?) but without a scan and the system first warns and then starts limiting charges from any source. Yes, such a system "could" be hacked, but there are ways to counter that / make it extremely difficult.
There would be plenty of tech and other details to work out, but none very hard for someone working successfully to go to Mars, I think.