No, it is NOT new. I got my polio vaccinations in the mid-1950’s (as did my wife). We BOTH had such cards.
We got the oral in 1967, as I didn’t trust the one in the 50s and they were not required/my parents were also leery (Born in 1943).
One dose, no follow up, no record. I didn’t even have an ID card at that point in time or a DL. Never been hassled for vax records, ever. Oh, and I went to a State University in 1961.
Flew numerous times domestically and overseas. Had a hospital clerical job in 1963/1964. Had a delivery in a hospital in 1965. Received a state massage therapist license every 2 years from 1994-2005. All they wanted was a check.