[palmer]

Complex https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Lisa_Ellsworth2/publication/259481108_Seedbank_responses_to_spring_and_fall_prescribed_fire_in_mountain_big_sagebrush_ecosystems_of_differing_ecological_condition_at_Lava_Beds_National_Monument_California/links/0deec52c1a6de8ab93000000/Seedbank-responses-to-spring-and-fall-prescribed-fire-in-mountain-big-sagebrush-ecosystems-of-differing-ecological-condition-at-Lava-Beds-National-Monument-California.pdf

but not impossible to time the burning to maximize the benefit. California fails to recognize any of the benefits of fire.

[mad_as_he$$]

I have been watching wild land fire(s) impact for longer than the author of this paper, you posted, appears to have been alive. Cheat grass ALWAYS wins at least in the short term. It takes decades for the sage brush to recover. The author even admits that subsequent burns may be required to restore balance. As I look out my window I can see a very large burn scare that is 21 years old. It was treated using the techniques in this paper - twice. It is still visible and part of burned completely out of control just a few weeks ago.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poeville_Fire

It is was in in mop up phase with a crew assigned to hit hot spots until just a few days ago.