Congress has the enumerated power to grant to others powers it does not itself possess?
The nuclear football is a bad example, for Congress does indeed have a specific enumerated Power to set rules for the armed forces, and our biggest munitions are possessed by same.
The necessary and proper clause provided in the Constitution gives the Congress major leeway in passing laws. You never hear a Congressman question the constitutionality of any law they take up.
The nuclear football is a good example of, as I mentioned, delegated power from the Congress to the president. The Founders certainly never envisioned giving a president the power to, on his own, vaporize an enemy.