We are commanded to judge righteously -- "Judge not according to appearance, but judge righteous judgment" (John 7:24). We do so when we are not hypocrites (Matthew 7:5). Saints will judge the world.
"Do ye now know that the saints shall judge the world? and if the world shall be judged by you, are ye unworthy to judge the smallest matters?" (1 Corinthians 6:2)
So, now is the time to perfect righteous judgement in both small and large matters.
You also might want to check out the full list of sins that are covered by that judgement, since the list started in verse 28, not verse 31.
We actually have to go back to verse 18 which marks the beginning of the section -- men hold the truth in unrighteousness. This leads to the reprobate state marked so characteristically by sexual deviancy which manifests itself in a "reprobate mind" (:28).
There are sins committed in this life that are deserving of death, among these are sodomite acts, the subject of this thread. Even the sodomite knows this conduct is deserving of death and condemns the one who points out God's standard.
“We are commanded to judge righteously...”
Certainly, but that’s not what Paul is discussing. His point, if you read the verses in context, is to demonstrate that ALL are guilty of unrighteousness under the law and deserving of God’s judgement. That’s the entire premise of the book from ch 1 verse 18 through ch 3 verse 20, which sums up:
“Therefore by the deeds of the law no flesh will be justified in His sight, for by the law is the knowledge of sin.”
Then starting in ch 3 verse 21, he introduces the solution to the problem he just outlined, which is righteousness through grace.
“There are sins committed in this life that are deserving of death, among these are sodomite acts, the subject of this thread...”
Yes, but Paul lists every manner of sin here, with no specific focus only on sexual or sodomite sins. He stresses repeatedly every single person is guilty of the same things he is talking about and all deserve the same judgement under the law. To try and use these verses to argue for some special penalty against only one group of sinners is to miss the point completely.