Pre-existing conditions were covered in most states before ObamaCare through state pre-existing condition pools.
They were expensive.
My memory says that insurance companies were bought out rather than folded BECAUSE of their clientele.
There was also gap insurance that had to be provided under HIPAA of 1996
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_Insurance_Portability_and_Accountability_Act
The accident wasn't planned, just one of those life things; not self inflicted but part of life. The insurance mess they've been put it was entirely man made.