Here I thought Wikipedia was ABC’s primary source of fact checking. They must have missed this...
Espionage
Traditional espionage is not an act of war, nor is cyber-espionage,[14] and both are generally assumed to be ongoing between major powers.
Despite this assumption, some incidents can cause serious tensions between nations, and are often described as “attacks”. For example:
Massive spying by the US on many countries, revealed by Edward Snowden.
After the NSA’s spying on Germany’s Chancellor Angela Merkel was revealed the Chancellor compared the NSA with the Stasi.[15]
NSA recording nearly every cell phone conversation in the Bahamas without the Bahamian government’s permission,[16] and similar programmes in Kenya, the Philippines, Mexico and Afghanistan.[17]
The “Titan Rain” probes of American defence contractors computer systems since 2003.[18]
The Office of Personnel Management data breach, in the US, widely attributed to China.[19][20]
From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyberwarfare
Thank you.