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How does he get on the ballot in the GOP controlled States?

Deadlines for parties to certify their candidates for the general election

If a nominee dropped out of the race and was replaced by his or her party, what kind of ballot access obstacles might they face?

States require political parties to submit names of presidential candidates in order to certify them for the general election ballot. Every state has some sort of official or unofficial deadline for this (see the table below). Some states have earlier deadlines than others because of early voting and voting by mail and absentee voting. As of February 2016, 34 states offered early voting in some form or another, and several states allow voting as early as late September.[6] Three states (Colorado, Oregon and Washington) use all-mail voting systems, thereby eliminating the need for early voting.

August/early September
The bulk of the dates for certifying the names of major party presidential candidates are in August and September. Mid August was the point at which either party could have found a replacement nominee and still have been able to get his or her name on the ballot in enough states to be competitive in November without having to navigate the courts and ballot access issues. For example, if a nominee had dropped out in late August, his or her name would already have been certified to appear as their party’s candidate for president in about 20 states. If he or she dropped out in late September, that number rises to almost 40 states.

Late September
Replacing a candidate’s name in late September could prove challenging. The parties would likely have to look to the courts. As Politico noted on August 4, 2016, the courts have shown a willingness to work with the parties on the issue of deadlines: “Courts have tended to discard ballot deadlines in favor of having two parties represented on the ballot.”[7] In 2002, for instance, the New Jersey Supreme Court allowed Democrats to replace their nominee for a U.S. Senate seat 15 days after the certification deadline.[8] In addition to this, election officials in the states have been known to show some leeway on the deadlines. Richard Winger, an expert on ballot access laws, told Ballotpedia by email, “even when major parties have missed deadlines for certifying presidential and vice-presidential nominees, or presidential elector candidates, election officials have always set the deadline aside.”[9]

The other factor to consider, however, is whether or not the opposing party would file lawsuits seeking to enforce state laws as they are written and prevent a replacement nominee from appearing on the ballot. This would consume a considerable amount time, energy, and resource for both parties but would likely exacerbate the struggles of the party trying to get its replacement nominee on the ballot.

October/early November
In October, especially later in the month, and in early November (before November 8) the situation becomes significantly more complicated. At this point, nearly all ballot certification deadlines have passed, many ballots have been printed off, and voters in some states will have already cast their ballots. This begs the question: what happens if a candidate has dropped out of the race but wins the popular vote in a state? Would the replacement nominee just receive those electoral votes? The answer lies in what that state has to say about its electors in the electoral college. The Constitution does dictate how electors must cast their votes. But some states do. More than half the states have laws dictating how electors must vote. If the former nominee won in a state that does not have a law on how its electors vote, then, theoretically, they could win all of that state’s electoral votes. But if the former nominee won in a state that does have a law on how its electors vote, then, one would have to look at that law’s fine print to see what would happen and if the state’s electoral votes could go to the replacement nominee.

https://ballotpedia.org/Important_dates_in_the_2016_presidential_race