Affirmation action does nothing but engender understandable resentment among whites and asians and provide an inferior education for minorities.
Even more damaging, it reinforces an official government policy that in fact blacks and Hispanics ARE inferior. The same government that insists we treat them as equals simultaneously insists they are not.
The worst part comes afterwards, where the recipients of fake educations slam into the wall of reality in the workforce (if they can even find work). They initially don’t want to accept that they’ve been handed worthless paper in unearned degrees (even high school diplomas), and when reality eventually sinks in they are even more combative and resentful. Tokens are a nasty, angry bunch - an absolute horror for co-workers and supervisors.