Range and altitude for missiles is not the same. The max altitude for a stinger at that time was only ~13,000 ft.
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The favorite witness of conspiracy theorists, Mike Wire, says the “firework” he saw was zigzagging and arcing down before the explosion. That’s seems like a lot of extra work for an intercepting missile.
They didn't get the settings for their PID controller quite right. Too much overshoot, not enough dampening.
The Iranians pride themselves on building a lot of their own stuff. This is possibly an indication of their quality of work at the time.
Even our stuff sometimes tracks a little screwy.
Look at the flight paths of some of these Iron Dome interceptor tracks.
ZigZagging is something that occasionally happens when you are trying to intercept a flying object especially as the missile gets closer to it's target and has to correct faster.