Not legitimately.
The Constitution confers no legislative or veto powers on the judiciary.
The only constitutional authority they possess is the authority to adjudicate individual cases that come before them, and that only within the confines of the Constitution and all constitutionally-valid laws. No more. No less.
That would be another model, render the USSC incapable of deciding questions of what comports with the Constitution.
The lack of some sane, responsible mechanism to do that is a problem that was baked into the original Constitution.