A qualifying clause modifies, or explains, the main clause. For example,
The president was re-elected, although with a reduced majority.
The clause, ‘although with a reduced majority’ explains the main clause, ‘the president was re-elected’. Qualifying clauses are generally placed as close as possible to the words which they modify. Here’s another example:
He died in the village where he was born. (Here the qualifying clause ‘where he was born’ modifies the noun “village”.)
Qualifying clauses are a necessary part of writing to convey meaning and clarity.
So true. Which is why it's so maddening to me that no one seems to want to clarify the necessary qualifying clause: "and under the jurisdiction thereof.'"
Thanks so much for your informative essay/post!